10.1 Installation on Unix

FFTW comes with a configure program in the GNU style. Installation can be as simple as:

./configure
make
make install

This will build the uniprocessor complex and real transform libraries along with the test programs. (We recommend that you use GNU make if it is available; on some systems it is called gmake.) The “make install” command installs the fftw and rfftw libraries in standard places, and typically requires root privileges (unless you specify a different install directory with the --prefix flag to configure). You can also type “make check” to put the FFTW test programs through their paces. If you have problems during configuration or compilation, you may want to run “make distclean” before trying again; this ensures that you don’t have any stale files left over from previous compilation attempts.

The configure script chooses the gcc compiler by default, if it is available; you can select some other compiler with:

./configure CC="<the name of your C compiler>"

The configure script knows good CFLAGS (C compiler flags) for a few systems. If your system is not known, the configure script will print out a warning. In this case, you should re-configure FFTW with the command

./configure CFLAGS="<write your CFLAGS here>"

and then compile as usual. If you do find an optimal set of CFLAGS for your system, please let us know what they are (along with the output of config.guess) so that we can include them in future releases.

configure supports all the standard flags defined by the GNU Coding Standards; see the INSTALL file in FFTW or the GNU web page. Note especially --help to list all flags and --enable-shared to create shared, rather than static, libraries. configure also accepts a few FFTW-specific flags, particularly:

• --enable-float: Produces a single-precision version of FFTW (float) instead of the default double-precision (double). See section Precision.
• --enable-long-double: Produces a long-double precision version of FFTW (long double) instead of the default double-precision (double). The configure script will halt with an error message if long double is the same size as double on your machine/compiler. See section Precision.
• --enable-quad-precision: Produces a quadruple-precision version of FFTW using the nonstandard __float128 type provided by gcc 4.6 or later on x86, x86-64, and Itanium architectures, instead of the default double-precision (double). The configure script will halt with an error message if the compiler is not gcc version 4.6 or later or if gcc’s libquadmath library is not installed. See section Precision.
• --enable-threads: Enables compilation and installation of the FFTW threads library (see section Multi-threaded FFTW), which provides a simple interface to parallel transforms for SMP systems. By default, the threads routines are not compiled.
• --enable-openmp: Like --enable-threads, but using OpenMP compiler directives in order to induce parallelism rather than spawning its own threads directly, and installing an ‘fftw3_omp’ library rather than an ‘fftw3_threads’ library (see section Multi-threaded FFTW). You can use both --enable-openmp and --enable-threads since they compile/install libraries with different names. By default, the OpenMP routines are not compiled.
• --with-combined-threads: By default, if --enable-threads is used, the threads support is compiled into a separate library that must be linked in addition to the main FFTW library. This is so that users of the serial library do not need to link the system threads libraries. If --with-combined-threads is specified, however, then no separate threads library is created, and threads are included in the main FFTW library. This is mainly useful under Windows, where no system threads library is required and inter-library dependencies are problematic.
• --enable-mpi: Enables compilation and installation of the FFTW MPI library (see section Distributed-memory FFTW with MPI), which provides parallel transforms for distributed-memory systems with MPI. (By default, the MPI routines are not compiled.) See section FFTW MPI Installation.
• --disable-fortran: Disables inclusion of legacy-Fortran wrapper routines (see section Calling FFTW from Legacy Fortran) in the standard FFTW libraries. These wrapper routines increase the library size by only a negligible amount, so they are included by default as long as the configure script finds a Fortran compiler on your system. (To specify a particular Fortran compiler foo, pass F77=foo to configure.)
• --with-g77-wrappers: By default, when Fortran wrappers are included, the wrappers employ the linking conventions of the Fortran compiler detected by the configure script. If this compiler is GNU g77, however, then two versions of the wrappers are included: one with g77’s idiosyncratic convention of appending two underscores to identifiers, and one with the more common convention of appending only a single underscore. This way, the same FFTW library will work with both g77 and other Fortran compilers, such as GNU gfortran. However, the converse is not true: if you configure with a different compiler, then the g77-compatible wrappers are not included. By specifying --with-g77-wrappers, the g77-compatible wrappers are included in addition to wrappers for whatever Fortran compiler configure finds.
• --with-slow-timer: Disables the use of hardware cycle counters, and falls back on gettimeofday or clock. This greatly worsens performance, and should generally not be used (unless you don’t have a cycle counter but still really want an optimized plan regardless of the time). See section Cycle Counters.
• --enable-sse, --enable-sse2, --enable-avx, --enable-altivec, --enable-neon: Enable the compilation of SIMD code for SSE (Pentium III+), SSE2 (Pentium IV+), AVX (Sandy Bridge, Interlagos), AltiVec (PowerPC G4+), NEON (some ARM processors). SSE, AltiVec, and NEON only work with --enable-float (above). SSE2 works in both single and double precision (and is simply SSE in single precision). The resulting code will still work on earlier CPUs lacking the SIMD extensions (SIMD is automatically disabled, although the FFTW library is still larger).
  • - These options require a compiler supporting SIMD extensions, and compiler support is always a bit flaky: see the FFTW FAQ for a list of compiler versions that have problems compiling FFTW.
  • - With AltiVec and gcc, you may have to use the -mabi=altivec option when compiling any code that links to FFTW, in order to properly align the stack; otherwise, FFTW could crash when it tries to use an AltiVec feature. (This is not necessary on MacOS X.)
  • - With SSE/SSE2 and gcc, you should use a version of gcc that properly aligns the stack when compiling any code that links to FFTW. By default, gcc 2.95 and later versions align the stack as needed, but you should not compile FFTW with the -Os option or the -mpreferred-stack-boundary option with an argument less than 4.
  • - Because of the large variety of ARM processors and ABIs, FFTW does not attempt to guess the correct gcc flags for generating NEON code. In general, you will have to provide them on the command line. This command line is known to have worked at least once:

    ./configure --with-slow-timer --host=arm-linux-gnueabi \
      --enable-single --enable-neon \
      "CC=arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp"
    

To force configure to use a particular C compiler foo (instead of the default, usually gcc), pass CC=foo to the configure script; you may also need to set the flags via the variable CFLAGS as described above.

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