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ffmpeg-formats(1)                                            ffmpeg-formats(1)



NAME

       ffmpeg-formats - FFmpeg formats


DESCRIPTION

       This document describes the supported formats (muxers and demuxers)
       provided by the libavformat library.


FORMAT OPTIONS

       The libavformat library provides some generic global options, which can
       be set on all the muxers and demuxers. In addition each muxer or
       demuxer may support so-called private options, which are specific for
       that component.

       Options may be set by specifying -option value in the FFmpeg tools, or
       by setting the value explicitly in the "AVFormatContext" options or
       using the libavutil/opt.h API for programmatic use.

       The list of supported options follows:

       avioflags flags (input/output)
           Possible values:

           direct
               Reduce buffering.

       probesize integer (input)
           Set probing size in bytes, i.e. the size of the data to analyze to
           get stream information. A higher value will enable detecting more
           information in case it is dispersed into the stream, but will
           increase latency. Must be an integer not lesser than 32. It is
           5000000 by default.

       max_probe_packets integer (input)
           Set the maximum number of buffered packets when probing a codec.
           Default is 2500 packets.

       packetsize integer (output)
           Set packet size.

       fflags flags
           Set format flags. Some are implemented for a limited number of
           formats.

           Possible values for input files:

           discardcorrupt
               Discard corrupted packets.

           fastseek
               Enable fast, but inaccurate seeks for some formats.

           genpts
               Generate missing PTS if DTS is present.

           igndts
               Ignore DTS if PTS is set. Inert when nofillin is set.

           ignidx
               Ignore index.

           keepside (deprecated,inert)
           nobuffer
               Reduce the latency introduced by buffering during initial input
               streams analysis.

           nofillin
               Do not fill in missing values in packet fields that can be
               exactly calculated.

           noparse
               Disable AVParsers, this needs "+nofillin" too.

           sortdts
               Try to interleave output packets by DTS. At present, available
               only for AVIs with an index.

           Possible values for output files:

           autobsf
               Automatically apply bitstream filters as required by the output
               format. Enabled by default.

           bitexact
               Only write platform-, build- and time-independent data.  This
               ensures that file and data checksums are reproducible and match
               between platforms. Its primary use is for regression testing.

           flush_packets
               Write out packets immediately.

           latm (deprecated,inert)
           shortest
               Stop muxing at the end of the shortest stream.  It may be
               needed to increase max_interleave_delta to avoid flushing the
               longer streams before EOF.

       seek2any integer (input)
           Allow seeking to non-keyframes on demuxer level when supported if
           set to 1.  Default is 0.

       analyzeduration integer (input)
           Specify how many microseconds are analyzed to probe the input. A
           higher value will enable detecting more accurate information, but
           will increase latency. It defaults to 5,000,000 microseconds = 5
           seconds.

       cryptokey hexadecimal string (input)
           Set decryption key.

       indexmem integer (input)
           Set max memory used for timestamp index (per stream).

       rtbufsize integer (input)
           Set max memory used for buffering real-time frames.

       fdebug flags (input/output)
           Print specific debug info.

           Possible values:

           ts
       max_delay integer (input/output)
           Set maximum muxing or demuxing delay in microseconds.

       fpsprobesize integer (input)
           Set number of frames used to probe fps.

       audio_preload integer (output)
           Set microseconds by which audio packets should be interleaved
           earlier.

       chunk_duration integer (output)
           Set microseconds for each chunk.

       chunk_size integer (output)
           Set size in bytes for each chunk.

       err_detect, f_err_detect flags (input)
           Set error detection flags. "f_err_detect" is deprecated and should
           be used only via the ffmpeg tool.

           Possible values:

           crccheck
               Verify embedded CRCs.

           bitstream
               Detect bitstream specification deviations.

           buffer
               Detect improper bitstream length.

           explode
               Abort decoding on minor error detection.

           careful
               Consider things that violate the spec and have not been seen in
               the wild as errors.

           compliant
               Consider all spec non compliancies as errors.

           aggressive
               Consider things that a sane encoder should not do as an error.

       max_interleave_delta integer (output)
           Set maximum buffering duration for interleaving. The duration is
           expressed in microseconds, and defaults to 10000000 (10 seconds).

           To ensure all the streams are interleaved correctly, libavformat
           will wait until it has at least one packet for each stream before
           actually writing any packets to the output file. When some streams
           are "sparse" (i.e. there are large gaps between successive
           packets), this can result in excessive buffering.

           This field specifies the maximum difference between the timestamps
           of the first and the last packet in the muxing queue, above which
           libavformat will output a packet regardless of whether it has
           queued a packet for all the streams.

           If set to 0, libavformat will continue buffering packets until it
           has a packet for each stream, regardless of the maximum timestamp
           difference between the buffered packets.

       use_wallclock_as_timestamps integer (input)
           Use wallclock as timestamps if set to 1. Default is 0.

       avoid_negative_ts integer (output)
           Possible values:

           make_non_negative
               Shift timestamps to make them non-negative.  Also note that
               this affects only leading negative timestamps, and not non-
               monotonic negative timestamps.

           make_zero
               Shift timestamps so that the first timestamp is 0.

           auto (default)
               Enables shifting when required by the target format.

           disabled
               Disables shifting of timestamp.

           When shifting is enabled, all output timestamps are shifted by the
           same amount. Audio, video, and subtitles desynching and relative
           timestamp differences are preserved compared to how they would have
           been without shifting.

       skip_initial_bytes integer (input)
           Set number of bytes to skip before reading header and frames if set
           to 1.  Default is 0.

       correct_ts_overflow integer (input)
           Correct single timestamp overflows if set to 1. Default is 1.

       flush_packets integer (output)
           Flush the underlying I/O stream after each packet. Default is -1
           (auto), which means that the underlying protocol will decide, 1
           enables it, and has the effect of reducing the latency, 0 disables
           it and may increase IO throughput in some cases.

       output_ts_offset offset (output)
           Set the output time offset.

           offset must be a time duration specification, see the Time duration
           section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

           The offset is added by the muxer to the output timestamps.

           Specifying a positive offset means that the corresponding streams
           are delayed bt the time duration specified in offset. Default value
           is 0 (meaning that no offset is applied).

       format_whitelist list (input)
           "," separated list of allowed demuxers. By default all are allowed.

       dump_separator string (input)
           Separator used to separate the fields printed on the command line
           about the Stream parameters.  For example, to separate the fields
           with newlines and indentation:

                   ffprobe -dump_separator "
                                             "  -i ~/videos/matrixbench_mpeg2.mpg

       max_streams integer (input)
           Specifies the maximum number of streams. This can be used to reject
           files that would require too many resources due to a large number
           of streams.

       skip_estimate_duration_from_pts bool (input)
           Skip estimation of input duration when calculated using PTS. At
           present, applicable for MPEG-PS and MPEG-TS.

       strict, f_strict integer (input/output)
           Specify how strictly to follow the standards. "f_strict" is
           deprecated and should be used only via the ffmpeg tool.

           Possible values:

           very
               strictly conform to an older more strict version of the spec or
               reference software

           strict
               strictly conform to all the things in the spec no matter what
               consequences

           normal
           unofficial
               allow unofficial extensions

           experimental
               allow non standardized experimental things, experimental
               (unfinished/work in progress/not well tested) decoders and
               encoders.  Note: experimental decoders can pose a security
               risk, do not use this for decoding untrusted input.

   Format stream specifiers
       Format stream specifiers allow selection of one or more streams that
       match specific properties.

       The exact semantics of stream specifiers is defined by the
       "avformat_match_stream_specifier()" function declared in the
       libavformat/avformat.h header and documented in the Stream specifiers
       section in the ffmpeg(1) manual.


DEMUXERS

       Demuxers are configured elements in FFmpeg that can read the multimedia
       streams from a particular type of file.

       When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported demuxers are
       enabled by default. You can list all available ones using the configure
       option "--list-demuxers".

       You can disable all the demuxers using the configure option
       "--disable-demuxers", and selectively enable a single demuxer with the
       option "--enable-demuxer=DEMUXER", or disable it with the option
       "--disable-demuxer=DEMUXER".

       The option "-demuxers" of the ff* tools will display the list of
       enabled demuxers. Use "-formats" to view a combined list of enabled
       demuxers and muxers.

       The description of some of the currently available demuxers follows.

   aa
       Audible Format 2, 3, and 4 demuxer.

       This demuxer is used to demux Audible Format 2, 3, and 4 (.aa) files.

   apng
       Animated Portable Network Graphics demuxer.

       This demuxer is used to demux APNG files.  All headers, but the PNG
       signature, up to (but not including) the first fcTL chunk are
       transmitted as extradata.  Frames are then split as being all the
       chunks between two fcTL ones, or between the last fcTL and IEND chunks.

       -ignore_loop bool
           Ignore the loop variable in the file if set.

       -max_fps int
           Maximum framerate in frames per second (0 for no limit).

       -default_fps int
           Default framerate in frames per second when none is specified in
           the file (0 meaning as fast as possible).

   asf
       Advanced Systems Format demuxer.

       This demuxer is used to demux ASF files and MMS network streams.

       -no_resync_search bool
           Do not try to resynchronize by looking for a certain optional start
           code.

   concat
       Virtual concatenation script demuxer.

       This demuxer reads a list of files and other directives from a text
       file and demuxes them one after the other, as if all their packets had
       been muxed together.

       The timestamps in the files are adjusted so that the first file starts
       at 0 and each next file starts where the previous one finishes. Note
       that it is done globally and may cause gaps if all streams do not have
       exactly the same length.

       All files must have the same streams (same codecs, same time base,
       etc.).

       The duration of each file is used to adjust the timestamps of the next
       file: if the duration is incorrect (because it was computed using the
       bit-rate or because the file is truncated, for example), it can cause
       artifacts. The "duration" directive can be used to override the
       duration stored in each file.

       Syntax

       The script is a text file in extended-ASCII, with one directive per
       line.  Empty lines, leading spaces and lines starting with '#' are
       ignored. The following directive is recognized:

       "file path"
           Path to a file to read; special characters and spaces must be
           escaped with backslash or single quotes.

           All subsequent file-related directives apply to that file.

       "ffconcat version 1.0"
           Identify the script type and version. It also sets the safe option
           to 1 if it was -1.

           To make FFmpeg recognize the format automatically, this directive
           must appear exactly as is (no extra space or byte-order-mark) on
           the very first line of the script.

       "duration dur"
           Duration of the file. This information can be specified from the
           file; specifying it here may be more efficient or help if the
           information from the file is not available or accurate.

           If the duration is set for all files, then it is possible to seek
           in the whole concatenated video.

       "inpoint timestamp"
           In point of the file. When the demuxer opens the file it instantly
           seeks to the specified timestamp. Seeking is done so that all
           streams can be presented successfully at In point.

           This directive works best with intra frame codecs, because for non-
           intra frame ones you will usually get extra packets before the
           actual In point and the decoded content will most likely contain
           frames before In point too.

           For each file, packets before the file In point will have
           timestamps less than the calculated start timestamp of the file
           (negative in case of the first file), and the duration of the files
           (if not specified by the "duration" directive) will be reduced
           based on their specified In point.

           Because of potential packets before the specified In point, packet
           timestamps may overlap between two concatenated files.

       "outpoint timestamp"
           Out point of the file. When the demuxer reaches the specified
           decoding timestamp in any of the streams, it handles it as an end
           of file condition and skips the current and all the remaining
           packets from all streams.

           Out point is exclusive, which means that the demuxer will not
           output packets with a decoding timestamp greater or equal to Out
           point.

           This directive works best with intra frame codecs and formats where
           all streams are tightly interleaved. For non-intra frame codecs you
           will usually get additional packets with presentation timestamp
           after Out point therefore the decoded content will most likely
           contain frames after Out point too. If your streams are not tightly
           interleaved you may not get all the packets from all streams before
           Out point and you may only will be able to decode the earliest
           stream until Out point.

           The duration of the files (if not specified by the "duration"
           directive) will be reduced based on their specified Out point.

       "file_packet_metadata key=value"
           Metadata of the packets of the file. The specified metadata will be
           set for each file packet. You can specify this directive multiple
           times to add multiple metadata entries.

       "stream"
           Introduce a stream in the virtual file.  All subsequent stream-
           related directives apply to the last introduced stream.  Some
           streams properties must be set in order to allow identifying the
           matching streams in the subfiles.  If no streams are defined in the
           script, the streams from the first file are copied.

       "exact_stream_id id"
           Set the id of the stream.  If this directive is given, the string
           with the corresponding id in the subfiles will be used.  This is
           especially useful for MPEG-PS (VOB) files, where the order of the
           streams is not reliable.

       Options

       This demuxer accepts the following option:

       safe
           If set to 1, reject unsafe file paths. A file path is considered
           safe if it does not contain a protocol specification and is
           relative and all components only contain characters from the
           portable character set (letters, digits, period, underscore and
           hyphen) and have no period at the beginning of a component.

           If set to 0, any file name is accepted.

           The default is 1.

           -1 is equivalent to 1 if the format was automatically probed and 0
           otherwise.

       auto_convert
           If set to 1, try to perform automatic conversions on packet data to
           make the streams concatenable.  The default is 1.

           Currently, the only conversion is adding the h264_mp4toannexb
           bitstream filter to H.264 streams in MP4 format. This is necessary
           in particular if there are resolution changes.

       segment_time_metadata
           If set to 1, every packet will contain the lavf.concat.start_time
           and the lavf.concat.duration packet metadata values which are the
           start_time and the duration of the respective file segments in the
           concatenated output expressed in microseconds. The duration
           metadata is only set if it is known based on the concat file.  The
           default is 0.

       Examples

       o   Use absolute filenames and include some comments:

                   # my first filename
                   file /mnt/share/file-1.wav
                   # my second filename including whitespace
                   file '/mnt/share/file 2.wav'
                   # my third filename including whitespace plus single quote
                   file '/mnt/share/file 3'\''.wav'

       o   Allow for input format auto-probing, use safe filenames and set the
           duration of the first file:

                   ffconcat version 1.0

                   file file-1.wav
                   duration 20.0

                   file subdir/file-2.wav

   dash
       Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP demuxer.

       This demuxer presents all AVStreams found in the manifest.  By setting
       the discard flags on AVStreams the caller can decide which streams to
       actually receive.  Each stream mirrors the "id" and "bandwidth"
       properties from the "<Representation>" as metadata keys named "id" and
       "variant_bitrate" respectively.

   flv, live_flv
       Adobe Flash Video Format demuxer.

       This demuxer is used to demux FLV files and RTMP network streams. In
       case of live network streams, if you force format, you may use live_flv
       option instead of flv to survive timestamp discontinuities.

               ffmpeg -f flv -i myfile.flv ...
               ffmpeg -f live_flv -i rtmp://<any.server>/anything/key ....

       -flv_metadata bool
           Allocate the streams according to the onMetaData array content.

       -flv_ignore_prevtag bool
           Ignore the size of previous tag value.

       -flv_full_metadata bool
           Output all context of the onMetadata.

   gif
       Animated GIF demuxer.

       It accepts the following options:

       min_delay
           Set the minimum valid delay between frames in hundredths of
           seconds.  Range is 0 to 6000. Default value is 2.

       max_gif_delay
           Set the maximum valid delay between frames in hundredth of seconds.
           Range is 0 to 65535. Default value is 65535 (nearly eleven
           minutes), the maximum value allowed by the specification.

       default_delay
           Set the default delay between frames in hundredths of seconds.
           Range is 0 to 6000. Default value is 10.

       ignore_loop
           GIF files can contain information to loop a certain number of times
           (or infinitely). If ignore_loop is set to 1, then the loop setting
           from the input will be ignored and looping will not occur. If set
           to 0, then looping will occur and will cycle the number of times
           according to the GIF. Default value is 1.

       For example, with the overlay filter, place an infinitely looping GIF
       over another video:

               ffmpeg -i input.mp4 -ignore_loop 0 -i input.gif -filter_complex overlay=shortest=1 out.mkv

       Note that in the above example the shortest option for overlay filter
       is used to end the output video at the length of the shortest input
       file, which in this case is input.mp4 as the GIF in this example loops
       infinitely.

   hls
       HLS demuxer

       Apple HTTP Live Streaming demuxer.

       This demuxer presents all AVStreams from all variant streams.  The id
       field is set to the bitrate variant index number. By setting the
       discard flags on AVStreams (by pressing 'a' or 'v' in ffplay), the
       caller can decide which variant streams to actually receive.  The total
       bitrate of the variant that the stream belongs to is available in a
       metadata key named "variant_bitrate".

       It accepts the following options:

       live_start_index
           segment index to start live streams at (negative values are from
           the end).

       allowed_extensions
           ',' separated list of file extensions that hls is allowed to
           access.

       max_reload
           Maximum number of times a insufficient list is attempted to be
           reloaded.  Default value is 1000.

       m3u8_hold_counters
           The maximum number of times to load m3u8 when it refreshes without
           new segments.  Default value is 1000.

       http_persistent
           Use persistent HTTP connections. Applicable only for HTTP streams.
           Enabled by default.

       http_multiple
           Use multiple HTTP connections for downloading HTTP segments.
           Enabled by default for HTTP/1.1 servers.

       http_seekable
           Use HTTP partial requests for downloading HTTP segments.  0 =
           disable, 1 = enable, -1 = auto, Default is auto.

   image2
       Image file demuxer.

       This demuxer reads from a list of image files specified by a pattern.
       The syntax and meaning of the pattern is specified by the option
       pattern_type.

       The pattern may contain a suffix which is used to automatically
       determine the format of the images contained in the files.

       The size, the pixel format, and the format of each image must be the
       same for all the files in the sequence.

       This demuxer accepts the following options:

       framerate
           Set the frame rate for the video stream. It defaults to 25.

       loop
           If set to 1, loop over the input. Default value is 0.

       pattern_type
           Select the pattern type used to interpret the provided filename.

           pattern_type accepts one of the following values.

           none
               Disable pattern matching, therefore the video will only contain
               the specified image. You should use this option if you do not
               want to create sequences from multiple images and your
               filenames may contain special pattern characters.

           sequence
               Select a sequence pattern type, used to specify a sequence of
               files indexed by sequential numbers.

               A sequence pattern may contain the string "%d" or "%0Nd", which
               specifies the position of the characters representing a
               sequential number in each filename matched by the pattern. If
               the form "%d0Nd" is used, the string representing the number in
               each filename is 0-padded and N is the total number of 0-padded
               digits representing the number. The literal character '%' can
               be specified in the pattern with the string "%%".

               If the sequence pattern contains "%d" or "%0Nd", the first
               filename of the file list specified by the pattern must contain
               a number inclusively contained between start_number and
               start_number+start_number_range-1, and all the following
               numbers must be sequential.

               For example the pattern "img-%03d.bmp" will match a sequence of
               filenames of the form img-001.bmp, img-002.bmp, ...,
               img-010.bmp, etc.; the pattern "i%%m%%g-%d.jpg" will match a
               sequence of filenames of the form i%m%g-1.jpg, i%m%g-2.jpg,
               ..., i%m%g-10.jpg, etc.

               Note that the pattern must not necessarily contain "%d" or
               "%0Nd", for example to convert a single image file img.jpeg you
               can employ the command:

                       ffmpeg -i img.jpeg img.png

           glob
               Select a glob wildcard pattern type.

               The pattern is interpreted like a "glob()" pattern. This is
               only selectable if libavformat was compiled with globbing
               support.

           glob_sequence (deprecated, will be removed)
               Select a mixed glob wildcard/sequence pattern.

               If your version of libavformat was compiled with globbing
               support, and the provided pattern contains at least one glob
               meta character among "%*?[]{}" that is preceded by an unescaped
               "%", the pattern is interpreted like a "glob()" pattern,
               otherwise it is interpreted like a sequence pattern.

               All glob special characters "%*?[]{}" must be prefixed with
               "%". To escape a literal "%" you shall use "%%".

               For example the pattern "foo-%*.jpeg" will match all the
               filenames prefixed by "foo-" and terminating with ".jpeg", and
               "foo-%?%?%?.jpeg" will match all the filenames prefixed with
               "foo-", followed by a sequence of three characters, and
               terminating with ".jpeg".

               This pattern type is deprecated in favor of glob and sequence.

           Default value is glob_sequence.

       pixel_format
           Set the pixel format of the images to read. If not specified the
           pixel format is guessed from the first image file in the sequence.

       start_number
           Set the index of the file matched by the image file pattern to
           start to read from. Default value is 0.

       start_number_range
           Set the index interval range to check when looking for the first
           image file in the sequence, starting from start_number. Default
           value is 5.

       ts_from_file
           If set to 1, will set frame timestamp to modification time of image
           file. Note that monotonity of timestamps is not provided: images go
           in the same order as without this option. Default value is 0.  If
           set to 2, will set frame timestamp to the modification time of the
           image file in nanosecond precision.

       video_size
           Set the video size of the images to read. If not specified the
           video size is guessed from the first image file in the sequence.

       export_path_metadata
           If set to 1, will add two extra fields to the metadata found in
           input, making them also available for other filters (see drawtext
           filter for examples). Default value is 0. The extra fields are
           described below:

           lavf.image2dec.source_path
               Corresponds to the full path to the input file being read.

           lavf.image2dec.source_basename
               Corresponds to the name of the file being read.

       Examples

       o   Use ffmpeg for creating a video from the images in the file
           sequence img-001.jpeg, img-002.jpeg, ..., assuming an input frame
           rate of 10 frames per second:

                   ffmpeg -framerate 10 -i 'img-%03d.jpeg' out.mkv

       o   As above, but start by reading from a file with index 100 in the
           sequence:

                   ffmpeg -framerate 10 -start_number 100 -i 'img-%03d.jpeg' out.mkv

       o   Read images matching the "*.png" glob pattern , that is all the
           files terminating with the ".png" suffix:

                   ffmpeg -framerate 10 -pattern_type glob -i "*.png" out.mkv

   libgme
       The Game Music Emu library is a collection of video game music file
       emulators.

       See <https://bitbucket.org/mpyne/game-music-emu/overview> for more
       information.

       It accepts the following options:

       track_index
           Set the index of which track to demux. The demuxer can only export
           one track.  Track indexes start at 0. Default is to pick the first
           track. Number of tracks is exported as tracks metadata entry.

       sample_rate
           Set the sampling rate of the exported track. Range is 1000 to
           999999. Default is 44100.

       max_size (bytes)
           The demuxer buffers the entire file into memory. Adjust this value
           to set the maximum buffer size, which in turn, acts as a ceiling
           for the size of files that can be read.  Default is 50 MiB.

   libmodplug
       ModPlug based module demuxer

       See <https://github.com/Konstanty/libmodplug>

       It will export one 2-channel 16-bit 44.1 kHz audio stream.  Optionally,
       a "pal8" 16-color video stream can be exported with or without printed
       metadata.

       It accepts the following options:

       noise_reduction
           Apply a simple low-pass filter. Can be 1 (on) or 0 (off). Default
           is 0.

       reverb_depth
           Set amount of reverb. Range 0-100. Default is 0.

       reverb_delay
           Set delay in ms, clamped to 40-250 ms. Default is 0.

       bass_amount
           Apply bass expansion a.k.a. XBass or megabass. Range is 0 (quiet)
           to 100 (loud). Default is 0.

       bass_range
           Set cutoff i.e. upper-bound for bass frequencies. Range is 10-100
           Hz. Default is 0.

       surround_depth
           Apply a Dolby Pro-Logic surround effect. Range is 0 (quiet) to 100
           (heavy). Default is 0.

       surround_delay
           Set surround delay in ms, clamped to 5-40 ms. Default is 0.

       max_size
           The demuxer buffers the entire file into memory. Adjust this value
           to set the maximum buffer size, which in turn, acts as a ceiling
           for the size of files that can be read. Range is 0 to 100 MiB.  0
           removes buffer size limit (not recommended). Default is 5 MiB.

       video_stream_expr
           String which is evaluated using the eval API to assign colors to
           the generated video stream.  Variables which can be used are "x",
           "y", "w", "h", "t", "speed", "tempo", "order", "pattern" and "row".

       video_stream
           Generate video stream. Can be 1 (on) or 0 (off). Default is 0.

       video_stream_w
           Set video frame width in 'chars' where one char indicates 8 pixels.
           Range is 20-512. Default is 30.

       video_stream_h
           Set video frame height in 'chars' where one char indicates 8
           pixels. Range is 20-512. Default is 30.

       video_stream_ptxt
           Print metadata on video stream. Includes "speed", "tempo", "order",
           "pattern", "row" and "ts" (time in ms). Can be 1 (on) or 0 (off).
           Default is 1.

   libopenmpt
       libopenmpt based module demuxer

       See <https://lib.openmpt.org/libopenmpt/> for more information.

       Some files have multiple subsongs (tracks) this can be set with the
       subsong option.

       It accepts the following options:

       subsong
           Set the subsong index. This can be either  'all', 'auto', or the
           index of the subsong. Subsong indexes start at 0. The default is
           'auto'.

           The default value is to let libopenmpt choose.

       layout
           Set the channel layout. Valid values are 1, 2, and 4 channel
           layouts.  The default value is STEREO.

       sample_rate
           Set the sample rate for libopenmpt to output.  Range is from 1000
           to INT_MAX. The value default is 48000.

   mov/mp4/3gp
       Demuxer for Quicktime File Format & ISO/IEC Base Media File Format
       (ISO/IEC 14496-12 or MPEG-4 Part 12, ISO/IEC 15444-12 or JPEG 2000 Part
       12).

       Registered extensions: mov, mp4, m4a, 3gp, 3g2, mj2, psp, m4b, ism,
       ismv, isma, f4v

       Options

       This demuxer accepts the following options:

       enable_drefs
           Enable loading of external tracks, disabled by default.  Enabling
           this can theoretically leak information in some use cases.

       use_absolute_path
           Allows loading of external tracks via absolute paths, disabled by
           default.  Enabling this poses a security risk. It should only be
           enabled if the source is known to be non-malicious.

       seek_streams_individually
           When seeking, identify the closest point in each stream
           individually and demux packets in that stream from identified
           point. This can lead to a different sequence of packets compared to
           demuxing linearly from the beginning. Default is true.

       ignore_editlist
           Ignore any edit list atoms. The demuxer, by default, modifies the
           stream index to reflect the timeline described by the edit list.
           Default is false.

       advanced_editlist
           Modify the stream index to reflect the timeline described by the
           edit list. "ignore_editlist" must be set to false for this option
           to be effective.  If both "ignore_editlist" and this option are set
           to false, then only the start of the stream index is modified to
           reflect initial dwell time or starting timestamp described by the
           edit list. Default is true.

       ignore_chapters
           Don't parse chapters. This includes GoPro 'HiLight' tags/moments.
           Note that chapters are only parsed when input is seekable. Default
           is false.

       use_mfra_for
           For seekable fragmented input, set fragment's starting timestamp
           from media fragment random access box, if present.

           Following options are available:

           auto
               Auto-detect whether to set mfra timestamps as PTS or DTS
               (default)

           dts Set mfra timestamps as DTS

           pts Set mfra timestamps as PTS

           0   Don't use mfra box to set timestamps

       export_all
           Export unrecognized boxes within the udta box as metadata entries.
           The first four characters of the box type are set as the key.
           Default is false.

       export_xmp
           Export entire contents of XMP_ box and uuid box as a string with
           key "xmp". Note that if "export_all" is set and this option isn't,
           the contents of XMP_ box are still exported but with key "XMP_".
           Default is false.

       activation_bytes
           4-byte key required to decrypt Audible AAX and AAX+ files. See
           Audible AAX subsection below.

       audible_fixed_key
           Fixed key used for handling Audible AAX/AAX+ files. It has been
           pre-set so should not be necessary to specify.

       decryption_key
           16-byte key, in hex, to decrypt files encrypted using ISO Common
           Encryption (CENC/AES-128 CTR; ISO/IEC 23001-7).

       Audible AAX

       Audible AAX files are encrypted M4B files, and they can be decrypted by
       specifying a 4 byte activation secret.

               ffmpeg -activation_bytes 1CEB00DA -i test.aax -vn -c:a copy output.mp4

   mpegts
       MPEG-2 transport stream demuxer.

       This demuxer accepts the following options:

       resync_size
           Set size limit for looking up a new synchronization. Default value
           is 65536.

       skip_unknown_pmt
           Skip PMTs for programs not defined in the PAT. Default value is 0.

       fix_teletext_pts
           Override teletext packet PTS and DTS values with the timestamps
           calculated from the PCR of the first program which the teletext
           stream is part of and is not discarded. Default value is 1, set
           this option to 0 if you want your teletext packet PTS and DTS
           values untouched.

       ts_packetsize
           Output option carrying the raw packet size in bytes.  Show the
           detected raw packet size, cannot be set by the user.

       scan_all_pmts
           Scan and combine all PMTs. The value is an integer with value from
           -1 to 1 (-1 means automatic setting, 1 means enabled, 0 means
           disabled). Default value is -1.

       merge_pmt_versions
           Re-use existing streams when a PMT's version is updated and
           elementary streams move to different PIDs. Default value is 0.

   mpjpeg
       MJPEG encapsulated in multi-part MIME demuxer.

       This demuxer allows reading of MJPEG, where each frame is represented
       as a part of multipart/x-mixed-replace stream.

       strict_mime_boundary
           Default implementation applies a relaxed standard to multi-part
           MIME boundary detection, to prevent regression with numerous
           existing endpoints not generating a proper MIME MJPEG stream.
           Turning this option on by setting it to 1 will result in a stricter
           check of the boundary value.

   rawvideo
       Raw video demuxer.

       This demuxer allows one to read raw video data. Since there is no
       header specifying the assumed video parameters, the user must specify
       them in order to be able to decode the data correctly.

       This demuxer accepts the following options:

       framerate
           Set input video frame rate. Default value is 25.

       pixel_format
           Set the input video pixel format. Default value is "yuv420p".

       video_size
           Set the input video size. This value must be specified explicitly.

       For example to read a rawvideo file input.raw with ffplay, assuming a
       pixel format of "rgb24", a video size of "320x240", and a frame rate of
       10 images per second, use the command:

               ffplay -f rawvideo -pixel_format rgb24 -video_size 320x240 -framerate 10 input.raw

   sbg
       SBaGen script demuxer.

       This demuxer reads the script language used by SBaGen
       <http://uazu.net/sbagen/> to generate binaural beats sessions. A SBG
       script looks like that:

               -SE
               a: 300-2.5/3 440+4.5/0
               b: 300-2.5/0 440+4.5/3
               off: -
               NOW      == a
               +0:07:00 == b
               +0:14:00 == a
               +0:21:00 == b
               +0:30:00    off

       A SBG script can mix absolute and relative timestamps. If the script
       uses either only absolute timestamps (including the script start time)
       or only relative ones, then its layout is fixed, and the conversion is
       straightforward. On the other hand, if the script mixes both kind of
       timestamps, then the NOW reference for relative timestamps will be
       taken from the current time of day at the time the script is read, and
       the script layout will be frozen according to that reference. That
       means that if the script is directly played, the actual times will
       match the absolute timestamps up to the sound controller's clock
       accuracy, but if the user somehow pauses the playback or seeks, all
       times will be shifted accordingly.

   tedcaptions
       JSON captions used for <http://www.ted.com/>.

       TED does not provide links to the captions, but they can be guessed
       from the page. The file tools/bookmarklets.html from the FFmpeg source
       tree contains a bookmarklet to expose them.

       This demuxer accepts the following option:

       start_time
           Set the start time of the TED talk, in milliseconds. The default is
           15000 (15s). It is used to sync the captions with the downloadable
           videos, because they include a 15s intro.

       Example: convert the captions to a format most players understand:

               ffmpeg -i http://www.ted.com/talks/subtitles/id/1/lang/en talk1-en.srt

   vapoursynth
       Vapoursynth wrapper.

       Due to security concerns, Vapoursynth scripts will not be autodetected
       so the input format has to be forced. For ff* CLI tools, add "-f
       vapoursynth" before the input "-i yourscript.vpy".

       This demuxer accepts the following option:

       max_script_size
           The demuxer buffers the entire script into memory. Adjust this
           value to set the maximum buffer size, which in turn, acts as a
           ceiling for the size of scripts that can be read.  Default is 1
           MiB.


MUXERS

       Muxers are configured elements in FFmpeg which allow writing multimedia
       streams to a particular type of file.

       When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported muxers are
       enabled by default. You can list all available muxers using the
       configure option "--list-muxers".

       You can disable all the muxers with the configure option
       "--disable-muxers" and selectively enable / disable single muxers with
       the options "--enable-muxer=MUXER" / "--disable-muxer=MUXER".

       The option "-muxers" of the ff* tools will display the list of enabled
       muxers. Use "-formats" to view a combined list of enabled demuxers and
       muxers.

       A description of some of the currently available muxers follows.

   aiff
       Audio Interchange File Format muxer.

       Options

       It accepts the following options:

       write_id3v2
           Enable ID3v2 tags writing when set to 1. Default is 0 (disabled).

       id3v2_version
           Select ID3v2 version to write. Currently only version 3 and 4 (aka.
           ID3v2.3 and ID3v2.4) are supported. The default is version 4.

   asf
       Advanced Systems Format muxer.

       Note that Windows Media Audio (wma) and Windows Media Video (wmv) use
       this muxer too.

       Options

       It accepts the following options:

       packet_size
           Set the muxer packet size. By tuning this setting you may reduce
           data fragmentation or muxer overhead depending on your source.
           Default value is 3200, minimum is 100, maximum is 64k.

   avi
       Audio Video Interleaved muxer.

       Options

       It accepts the following options:

       reserve_index_space
           Reserve the specified amount of bytes for the OpenDML master index
           of each stream within the file header. By default additional master
           indexes are embedded within the data packets if there is no space
           left in the first master index and are linked together as a chain
           of indexes. This index structure can cause problems for some use
           cases, e.g. third-party software strictly relying on the OpenDML
           index specification or when file seeking is slow. Reserving enough
           index space in the file header avoids these problems.

           The required index space depends on the output file size and should
           be about 16 bytes per gigabyte. When this option is omitted or set
           to zero the necessary index space is guessed.

       write_channel_mask
           Write the channel layout mask into the audio stream header.

           This option is enabled by default. Disabling the channel mask can
           be useful in specific scenarios, e.g. when merging multiple audio
           streams into one for compatibility with software that only supports
           a single audio stream in AVI (see the "amerge" section in the
           ffmpeg-filters manual).

       flipped_raw_rgb
           If set to true, store positive height for raw RGB bitmaps, which
           indicates bitmap is stored bottom-up. Note that this option does
           not flip the bitmap which has to be done manually beforehand, e.g.
           by using the vflip filter.  Default is false and indicates bitmap
           is stored top down.

   chromaprint
       Chromaprint fingerprinter.

       This muxer feeds audio data to the Chromaprint library, which generates
       a fingerprint for the provided audio data. See
       <https://acoustid.org/chromaprint>

       It takes a single signed native-endian 16-bit raw audio stream of at
       most 2 channels.

       Options

       silence_threshold
           Threshold for detecting silence. Range is from -1 to 32767, where
           -1 disables silence detection. Silence detection can only be used
           with version 3 of the algorithm.  Silence detection must be
           disabled for use with the AcoustID service. Default is -1.

       algorithm
           Version of algorithm to fingerprint with. Range is 0 to 4.  Version
           3 enables silence detection. Default is 1.

       fp_format
           Format to output the fingerprint as. Accepts the following options:

           raw Binary raw fingerprint

           compressed
               Binary compressed fingerprint

           base64
               Base64 compressed fingerprint (default)

   crc
       CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) testing format.

       This muxer computes and prints the Adler-32 CRC of all the input audio
       and video frames. By default audio frames are converted to signed
       16-bit raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the
       CRC.

       The output of the muxer consists of a single line of the form:
       CRC=0xCRC, where CRC is a hexadecimal number 0-padded to 8 digits
       containing the CRC for all the decoded input frames.

       See also the framecrc muxer.

       Examples

       For example to compute the CRC of the input, and store it in the file
       out.crc:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f crc out.crc

       You can print the CRC to stdout with the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f crc -

       You can select the output format of each frame with ffmpeg by
       specifying the audio and video codec and format. For example to compute
       the CRC of the input audio converted to PCM unsigned 8-bit and the
       input video converted to MPEG-2 video, use the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:a pcm_u8 -c:v mpeg2video -f crc -

   flv
       Adobe Flash Video Format muxer.

       This muxer accepts the following options:

       flvflags flags
           Possible values:

           aac_seq_header_detect
               Place AAC sequence header based on audio stream data.

           no_sequence_end
               Disable sequence end tag.

           no_metadata
               Disable metadata tag.

           no_duration_filesize
               Disable duration and filesize in metadata when they are equal
               to zero at the end of stream. (Be used to non-seekable living
               stream).

           add_keyframe_index
               Used to facilitate seeking; particularly for HTTP pseudo
               streaming.

   dash
       Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) muxer that creates segments
       and manifest files according to the MPEG-DASH standard ISO/IEC
       23009-1:2014.

       For more information see:

       o   ISO DASH Specification:
           <http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c065274_ISO_IEC_23009-1_2014.zip>

       o   WebM DASH Specification:
           <https://sites.google.com/a/webmproject.org/wiki/adaptive-streaming/webm-dash-specification>

       It creates a MPD manifest file and segment files for each stream.

       The segment filename might contain pre-defined identifiers used with
       SegmentTemplate as defined in section 5.3.9.4.4 of the standard.
       Available identifiers are "$RepresentationID$", "$Number$",
       "$Bandwidth$" and "$Time$".  In addition to the standard identifiers,
       an ffmpeg-specific "$ext$" identifier is also supported.  When
       specified ffmpeg will replace $ext$ in the file name with muxing
       format's extensions such as mp4, webm etc.,

               ffmpeg -re -i <input> -map 0 -map 0 -c:a libfdk_aac -c:v libx264 \
               -b:v:0 800k -b:v:1 300k -s:v:1 320x170 -profile:v:1 baseline \
               -profile:v:0 main -bf 1 -keyint_min 120 -g 120 -sc_threshold 0 \
               -b_strategy 0 -ar:a:1 22050 -use_timeline 1 -use_template 1 \
               -window_size 5 -adaptation_sets "id=0,streams=v id=1,streams=a" \
               -f dash /path/to/out.mpd

       min_seg_duration microseconds
           This is a deprecated option to set the segment length in
           microseconds, use seg_duration instead.

       seg_duration duration
           Set the segment length in seconds (fractional value can be set).
           The value is treated as average segment duration when use_template
           is enabled and use_timeline is disabled and as minimum segment
           duration for all the other use cases.

       frag_duration duration
           Set the length in seconds of fragments within segments (fractional
           value can be set).

       frag_type type
           Set the type of interval for fragmentation.

       window_size size
           Set the maximum number of segments kept in the manifest.

       extra_window_size size
           Set the maximum number of segments kept outside of the manifest
           before removing from disk.

       remove_at_exit remove
           Enable (1) or disable (0) removal of all segments when finished.

       use_template template
           Enable (1) or disable (0) use of SegmentTemplate instead of
           SegmentList.

       use_timeline timeline
           Enable (1) or disable (0) use of SegmentTimeline in
           SegmentTemplate.

       single_file single_file
           Enable (1) or disable (0) storing all segments in one file,
           accessed using byte ranges.

       single_file_name file_name
           DASH-templated name to be used for baseURL. Implies single_file set
           to "1". In the template, "$ext$" is replaced with the file name
           extension specific for the segment format.

       init_seg_name init_name
           DASH-templated name to used for the initialization segment. Default
           is "init-stream$RepresentationID$.$ext$". "$ext$" is replaced with
           the file name extension specific for the segment format.

       media_seg_name segment_name
           DASH-templated name to used for the media segments. Default is
           "chunk-stream$RepresentationID$-$Number%05d$.$ext$". "$ext$" is
           replaced with the file name extension specific for the segment
           format.

       utc_timing_url utc_url
           URL of the page that will return the UTC timestamp in ISO format.
           Example: "https://time.akamai.com/?iso"

       method method
           Use the given HTTP method to create output files. Generally set to
           PUT or POST.

       http_user_agent user_agent
           Override User-Agent field in HTTP header. Applicable only for HTTP
           output.

       http_persistent http_persistent
           Use persistent HTTP connections. Applicable only for HTTP output.

       hls_playlist hls_playlist
           Generate HLS playlist files as well. The master playlist is
           generated with the filename hls_master_name.  One media playlist
           file is generated for each stream with filenames media_0.m3u8,
           media_1.m3u8, etc.

       hls_master_name file_name
           HLS master playlist name. Default is "master.m3u8".

       streaming streaming
           Enable (1) or disable (0) chunk streaming mode of output. In chunk
           streaming mode, each frame will be a moof fragment which forms a
           chunk.

       adaptation_sets adaptation_sets
           Assign streams to AdaptationSets. Syntax is "id=x,streams=a,b,c
           id=y,streams=d,e" with x and y being the IDs of the adaptation sets
           and a,b,c,d and e are the indices of the mapped streams.

           To map all video (or audio) streams to an AdaptationSet, "v" (or
           "a") can be used as stream identifier instead of IDs.

           When no assignment is defined, this defaults to an AdaptationSet
           for each stream.

           Optional syntax is
           "id=x,seg_duration=x,frag_duration=x,frag_type=type,descriptor=descriptor_string,streams=a,b,c
           id=y,seg_duration=y,frag_type=type,streams=d,e" and so on,
           descriptor is useful to the scheme defined by ISO/IEC
           23009-1:2014/Amd.2:2015.  For example, -adaptation_sets
           "id=0,descriptor=<SupplementalProperty
           schemeIdUri=\"urn:mpeg:dash:srd:2014\"
           value=\"0,0,0,1,1,2,2\"/>,streams=v".  Please note that descriptor
           string should be a self-closing xml tag.  seg_duration,
           frag_duration and frag_type override the global option values for
           each adaptation set.  For example, -adaptation_sets
           "id=0,seg_duration=2,frag_duration=1,frag_type=duration,streams=v
           id=1,seg_duration=2,frag_type=none,streams=a" type_id marks an
           adaptation set as containing streams meant to be used for Trick
           Mode for the referenced adaptation set.  For example,
           -adaptation_sets "id=0,seg_duration=2,frag_type=none,streams=0
           id=1,seg_duration=10,frag_type=none,trick_id=0,streams=1"

       timeout timeout
           Set timeout for socket I/O operations. Applicable only for HTTP
           output.

       index_correction index_correction
           Enable (1) or Disable (0) segment index correction logic.
           Applicable only when use_template is enabled and use_timeline is
           disabled.

           When enabled, the logic monitors the flow of segment indexes. If a
           streams's segment index value is not at the expected real time
           position, then the logic corrects that index value.

           Typically this logic is needed in live streaming use cases. The
           network bandwidth fluctuations are common during long run
           streaming. Each fluctuation can cause the segment indexes fall
           behind the expected real time position.

       format_options options_list
           Set container format (mp4/webm) options using a ":" separated list
           of key=value parameters. Values containing ":" special characters
           must be escaped.

       global_sidx global_sidx
           Write global SIDX atom. Applicable only for single file, mp4
           output, non-streaming mode.

       dash_segment_type dash_segment_type
           Possible values:

           auto
               If this flag is set, the dash segment files format will be
               selected based on the stream codec. This is the default mode.

           mp4 If this flag is set, the dash segment files will be in in
               ISOBMFF format.

           webm
               If this flag is set, the dash segment files will be in in WebM
               format.

       ignore_io_errors ignore_io_errors
           Ignore IO errors during open and write. Useful for long-duration
           runs with network output.

       lhls lhls
           Enable Low-latency HLS(LHLS). Adds #EXT-X-PREFETCH tag with current
           segment's URI. Apple doesn't have an official spec for LHLS.
           Meanwhile hls.js player folks are trying to standardize a open LHLS
           spec. The draft spec is available in
           https://github.com/video-dev/hlsjs-rfcs/blob/lhls-spec/proposals/0001-lhls.md
           This option will also try to comply with the above open spec, till
           Apple's spec officially supports it.  Applicable only when
           streaming and hls_playlist options are enabled.  This is an
           experimental feature.

       ldash ldash
           Enable Low-latency Dash by constraining the presence and values of
           some elements.

       master_m3u8_publish_rate master_m3u8_publish_rate
           Publish master playlist repeatedly every after specified number of
           segment intervals.

       write_prft write_prft
           Write Producer Reference Time elements on supported streams. This
           also enables writing prft boxes in the underlying muxer. Applicable
           only when the utc_url option is enabled.  It's set to auto by
           default, in which case the muxer will attempt to enable it only in
           modes that require it.

       mpd_profile mpd_profile
           Set one or more manifest profiles.

       http_opts http_opts
           A :-separated list of key=value options to pass to the underlying
           HTTP protocol. Applicable only for HTTP output.

       target_latency target_latency
           Set an intended target latency in seconds (fractional value can be
           set) for serving. Applicable only when streaming and write_prft
           options are enabled.  This is an informative fields clients can use
           to measure the latency of the service.

       min_playback_rate min_playback_rate
           Set the minimum playback rate indicated as appropriate for the
           purposes of automatically adjusting playback latency and buffer
           occupancy during normal playback by clients.

       max_playback_rate max_playback_rate
           Set the maximum playback rate indicated as appropriate for the
           purposes of automatically adjusting playback latency and buffer
           occupancy during normal playback by clients.

       update_period update_period
            Set the mpd update period ,for dynamic content.
            The unit is second.

   framecrc
       Per-packet CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) testing format.

       This muxer computes and prints the Adler-32 CRC for each audio and
       video packet. By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit
       raw audio and video frames to raw video before computing the CRC.

       The output of the muxer consists of a line for each audio and video
       packet of the form:

               <stream_index>, <packet_dts>, <packet_pts>, <packet_duration>, <packet_size>, 0x<CRC>

       CRC is a hexadecimal number 0-padded to 8 digits containing the CRC of
       the packet.

       Examples

       For example to compute the CRC of the audio and video frames in INPUT,
       converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it in the file
       out.crc:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framecrc out.crc

       To print the information to stdout, use the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framecrc -

       With ffmpeg, you can select the output format to which the audio and
       video frames are encoded before computing the CRC for each packet by
       specifying the audio and video codec. For example, to compute the CRC
       of each decoded input audio frame converted to PCM unsigned 8-bit and
       of each decoded input video frame converted to MPEG-2 video, use the
       command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:a pcm_u8 -c:v mpeg2video -f framecrc -

       See also the crc muxer.

   framehash
       Per-packet hash testing format.

       This muxer computes and prints a cryptographic hash for each audio and
       video packet. This can be used for packet-by-packet equality checks
       without having to individually do a binary comparison on each.

       By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit raw audio and
       video frames to raw video before computing the hash, but the output of
       explicit conversions to other codecs can also be used. It uses the
       SHA-256 cryptographic hash function by default, but supports several
       other algorithms.

       The output of the muxer consists of a line for each audio and video
       packet of the form:

               <stream_index>, <packet_dts>, <packet_pts>, <packet_duration>, <packet_size>, <hash>

       hash is a hexadecimal number representing the computed hash for the
       packet.

       hash algorithm
           Use the cryptographic hash function specified by the string
           algorithm.  Supported values include "MD5", "murmur3", "RIPEMD128",
           "RIPEMD160", "RIPEMD256", "RIPEMD320", "SHA160", "SHA224", "SHA256"
           (default), "SHA512/224", "SHA512/256", "SHA384", "SHA512", "CRC32"
           and "adler32".

       Examples

       To compute the SHA-256 hash of the audio and video frames in INPUT,
       converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it in the file
       out.sha256:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framehash out.sha256

       To print the information to stdout, using the MD5 hash function, use
       the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framehash -hash md5 -

       See also the hash muxer.

   framemd5
       Per-packet MD5 testing format.

       This is a variant of the framehash muxer. Unlike that muxer, it
       defaults to using the MD5 hash function.

       Examples

       To compute the MD5 hash of the audio and video frames in INPUT,
       converted to raw audio and video packets, and store it in the file
       out.md5:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framemd5 out.md5

       To print the information to stdout, use the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f framemd5 -

       See also the framehash and md5 muxers.

   gif
       Animated GIF muxer.

       It accepts the following options:

       loop
           Set the number of times to loop the output. Use "-1" for no loop, 0
           for looping indefinitely (default).

       final_delay
           Force the delay (expressed in centiseconds) after the last frame.
           Each frame ends with a delay until the next frame. The default is
           "-1", which is a special value to tell the muxer to re-use the
           previous delay. In case of a loop, you might want to customize this
           value to mark a pause for instance.

       For example, to encode a gif looping 10 times, with a 5 seconds delay
       between the loops:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -loop 10 -final_delay 500 out.gif

       Note 1: if you wish to extract the frames into separate GIF files, you
       need to force the image2 muxer:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:v gif -f image2 "out%d.gif"

       Note 2: the GIF format has a very large time base: the delay between
       two frames can therefore not be smaller than one centi second.

   hash
       Hash testing format.

       This muxer computes and prints a cryptographic hash of all the input
       audio and video frames. This can be used for equality checks without
       having to do a complete binary comparison.

       By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit raw audio and
       video frames to raw video before computing the hash, but the output of
       explicit conversions to other codecs can also be used. Timestamps are
       ignored. It uses the SHA-256 cryptographic hash function by default,
       but supports several other algorithms.

       The output of the muxer consists of a single line of the form:
       algo=hash, where algo is a short string representing the hash function
       used, and hash is a hexadecimal number representing the computed hash.

       hash algorithm
           Use the cryptographic hash function specified by the string
           algorithm.  Supported values include "MD5", "murmur3", "RIPEMD128",
           "RIPEMD160", "RIPEMD256", "RIPEMD320", "SHA160", "SHA224", "SHA256"
           (default), "SHA512/224", "SHA512/256", "SHA384", "SHA512", "CRC32"
           and "adler32".

       Examples

       To compute the SHA-256 hash of the input converted to raw audio and
       video, and store it in the file out.sha256:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f hash out.sha256

       To print an MD5 hash to stdout use the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f hash -hash md5 -

       See also the framehash muxer.

   hls
       Apple HTTP Live Streaming muxer that segments MPEG-TS according to the
       HTTP Live Streaming (HLS) specification.

       It creates a playlist file, and one or more segment files. The output
       filename specifies the playlist filename.

       By default, the muxer creates a file for each segment produced. These
       files have the same name as the playlist, followed by a sequential
       number and a .ts extension.

       Make sure to require a closed GOP when encoding and to set the GOP size
       to fit your segment time constraint.

       For example, to convert an input file with ffmpeg:

               ffmpeg -i in.mkv -c:v h264 -flags +cgop -g 30 -hls_time 1 out.m3u8

       This example will produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and segment files:
       out0.ts, out1.ts, out2.ts, etc.

       See also the segment muxer, which provides a more generic and flexible
       implementation of a segmenter, and can be used to perform HLS
       segmentation.

       Options

       This muxer supports the following options:

       hls_init_time duration
           Set the initial target segment length. Default value is 0.

           duration must be a time duration specification, see the Time
           duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.

           Segment will be cut on the next key frame after this time has
           passed on the first m3u8 list.  After the initial playlist is
           filled ffmpeg will cut segments at duration equal to "hls_time"

       hls_time duration
           Set the target segment length. Default value is 2.

           duration must be a time duration specification, see the Time
           duration section in the ffmpeg-utils(1) manual.  Segment will be
           cut on the next key frame after this time has passed.

       hls_list_size size
           Set the maximum number of playlist entries. If set to 0 the list
           file will contain all the segments. Default value is 5.

       hls_delete_threshold size
           Set the number of unreferenced segments to keep on disk before
           "hls_flags delete_segments" deletes them. Increase this to allow
           continue clients to download segments which were recently
           referenced in the playlist. Default value is 1, meaning segments
           older than "hls_list_size+1" will be deleted.

       hls_ts_options options_list
           Set output format options using a :-separated list of key=value
           parameters. Values containing ":" special characters must be
           escaped.

       hls_wrap wrap
           This is a deprecated option, you can use "hls_list_size" and
           "hls_flags delete_segments" instead it

           This option is useful to avoid to fill the disk with many segment
           files, and limits the maximum number of segment files written to
           disk to wrap.

       hls_start_number_source
           Start the playlist sequence number ("#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE")
           according to the specified source.  Unless "hls_flags single_file"
           is set, it also specifies source of starting sequence numbers of
           segment and subtitle filenames. In any case, if "hls_flags
           append_list" is set and read playlist sequence number is greater
           than the specified start sequence number, then that value will be
           used as start value.

           It accepts the following values:

           generic (default)
               Set the starting sequence numbers according to start_number
               option value.

           epoch
               The start number will be the seconds since epoch (1970-01-01
               00:00:00)

           epoch_us
               The start number will be the microseconds since epoch
               (1970-01-01 00:00:00)

           datetime
               The start number will be based on the current date/time as
               YYYYmmddHHMMSS. e.g. 20161231235759.

       start_number number
           Start the playlist sequence number ("#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE") from
           the specified number when hls_start_number_source value is generic.
           (This is the default case.)  Unless "hls_flags single_file" is set,
           it also specifies starting sequence numbers of segment and subtitle
           filenames.  Default value is 0.

       hls_allow_cache allowcache
           Explicitly set whether the client MAY (1) or MUST NOT (0) cache
           media segments.

       hls_base_url baseurl
           Append baseurl to every entry in the playlist.  Useful to generate
           playlists with absolute paths.

           Note that the playlist sequence number must be unique for each
           segment and it is not to be confused with the segment filename
           sequence number which can be cyclic, for example if the wrap option
           is specified.

       hls_segment_filename filename
           Set the segment filename. Unless "hls_flags single_file" is set,
           filename is used as a string format with the segment number:

                   ffmpeg -i in.nut -hls_segment_filename 'file%03d.ts' out.m3u8

           This example will produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and segment
           files: file000.ts, file001.ts, file002.ts, etc.

           filename may contain full path or relative path specification, but
           only the file name part without any path info will be contained in
           the m3u8 segment list.  Should a relative path be specified, the
           path of the created segment files will be relative to the current
           working directory.  When strftime_mkdir is set, the whole expanded
           value of filename will be written into the m3u8 segment list.

           When "var_stream_map" is set with two or more variant streams, the
           filename pattern must contain the string "%v", this string
           specifies the position of variant stream index in the generated
           segment file names.

                   ffmpeg -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
                     -hls_segment_filename 'file_%v_%03d.ts' out_%v.m3u8

           This example will produce the playlists segment file sets:
           file_0_000.ts, file_0_001.ts, file_0_002.ts, etc. and
           file_1_000.ts, file_1_001.ts, file_1_002.ts, etc.

           The string "%v" may be present in the filename or in the last
           directory name containing the file, but only in one of them.
           (Additionally, %v may appear multiple times in the last sub-
           directory or filename.) If the string %v is present in the
           directory name, then sub-directories are created after expanding
           the directory name pattern. This enables creation of segments
           corresponding to different variant streams in subdirectories.

                   ffmpeg -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
                     -hls_segment_filename 'vs%v/file_%03d.ts' vs%v/out.m3u8

           This example will produce the playlists segment file sets:
           vs0/file_000.ts, vs0/file_001.ts, vs0/file_002.ts, etc. and
           vs1/file_000.ts, vs1/file_001.ts, vs1/file_002.ts, etc.

       use_localtime
           Same as strftime option, will be deprecated.

       strftime
           Use strftime() on filename to expand the segment filename with
           localtime.  The segment number is also available in this mode, but
           to use it, you need to specify second_level_segment_index hls_flag
           and %%d will be the specifier.

                   ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -hls_segment_filename 'file-%Y%m%d-%s.ts' out.m3u8

           This example will produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and segment
           files: file-20160215-1455569023.ts, file-20160215-1455569024.ts,
           etc.  Note: On some systems/environments, the %s specifier is not
           available. See
             "strftime()" documentation.

                   ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -hls_flags second_level_segment_index -hls_segment_filename 'file-%Y%m%d-%%04d.ts' out.m3u8

           This example will produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and segment
           files: file-20160215-0001.ts, file-20160215-0002.ts, etc.

       use_localtime_mkdir
           Same as strftime_mkdir option, will be deprecated .

       strftime_mkdir
           Used together with -strftime_mkdir, it will create all
           subdirectories which is expanded in filename.

                   ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -strftime_mkdir 1 -hls_segment_filename '%Y%m%d/file-%Y%m%d-%s.ts' out.m3u8

           This example will create a directory 201560215 (if it does not
           exist), and then produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and segment files:
           20160215/file-20160215-1455569023.ts,
           20160215/file-20160215-1455569024.ts, etc.

                   ffmpeg -i in.nut -strftime 1 -strftime_mkdir 1 -hls_segment_filename '%Y/%m/%d/file-%Y%m%d-%s.ts' out.m3u8

           This example will create a directory hierarchy 2016/02/15 (if any
           of them do not exist), and then produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and
           segment files: 2016/02/15/file-20160215-1455569023.ts,
           2016/02/15/file-20160215-1455569024.ts, etc.

       hls_key_info_file key_info_file
           Use the information in key_info_file for segment encryption. The
           first line of key_info_file specifies the key URI written to the
           playlist. The key URL is used to access the encryption key during
           playback. The second line specifies the path to the key file used
           to obtain the key during the encryption process. The key file is
           read as a single packed array of 16 octets in binary format. The
           optional third line specifies the initialization vector (IV) as a
           hexadecimal string to be used instead of the segment sequence
           number (default) for encryption. Changes to key_info_file will
           result in segment encryption with the new key/IV and an entry in
           the playlist for the new key URI/IV if "hls_flags periodic_rekey"
           is enabled.

           Key info file format:

                   <key URI>
                   <key file path>
                   <IV> (optional)

           Example key URIs:

                   http://server/file.key
                   /path/to/file.key
                   file.key

           Example key file paths:

                   file.key
                   /path/to/file.key

           Example IV:

                   0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF

           Key info file example:

                   http://server/file.key
                   /path/to/file.key
                   0123456789ABCDEF0123456789ABCDEF

           Example shell script:

                   #!/bin/sh
                   BASE_URL=${1:-'.'}
                   openssl rand 16 > file.key
                   echo $BASE_URL/file.key > file.keyinfo
                   echo file.key >> file.keyinfo
                   echo $(openssl rand -hex 16) >> file.keyinfo
                   ffmpeg -f lavfi -re -i testsrc -c:v h264 -hls_flags delete_segments \
                     -hls_key_info_file file.keyinfo out.m3u8

       -hls_enc enc
           Enable (1) or disable (0) the AES128 encryption.  When enabled
           every segment generated is encrypted and the encryption key is
           saved as playlist name.key.

       -hls_enc_key key
           16-octet key to encrypt the segments, by default it is randomly
           generated.

       -hls_enc_key_url keyurl
           If set, keyurl is prepended instead of baseurl to the key filename
           in the playlist.

       -hls_enc_iv iv
           16-octet initialization vector for every segment instead of the
           autogenerated ones.

       hls_segment_type flags
           Possible values:

           mpegts
               Output segment files in MPEG-2 Transport Stream format. This is
               compatible with all HLS versions.

           fmp4
               Output segment files in fragmented MP4 format, similar to MPEG-
               DASH.  fmp4 files may be used in HLS version 7 and above.

       hls_fmp4_init_filename filename
           Set filename to the fragment files header file, default filename is
           init.mp4.

           Use "-strftime 1" on filename to expand the segment filename with
           localtime.

                   ffmpeg -i in.nut  -hls_segment_type fmp4 -strftime 1 -hls_fmp4_init_filename "%s_init.mp4" out.m3u8

           This will produce init like this 1602678741_init.mp4

       hls_fmp4_init_resend
           Resend init file after m3u8 file refresh every time, default is 0.

           When "var_stream_map" is set with two or more variant streams, the
           filename pattern must contain the string "%v", this string
           specifies the position of variant stream index in the generated
           init file names.  The string "%v" may be present in the filename or
           in the last directory name containing the file. If the string is
           present in the directory name, then sub-directories are created
           after expanding the directory name pattern. This enables creation
           of init files corresponding to different variant streams in
           subdirectories.

       hls_flags flags
           Possible values:

           single_file
               If this flag is set, the muxer will store all segments in a
               single MPEG-TS file, and will use byte ranges in the playlist.
               HLS playlists generated with this way will have the version
               number 4.  For example:

                       ffmpeg -i in.nut -hls_flags single_file out.m3u8

               Will produce the playlist, out.m3u8, and a single segment file,
               out.ts.

           delete_segments
               Segment files removed from the playlist are deleted after a
               period of time equal to the duration of the segment plus the
               duration of the playlist.

           append_list
               Append new segments into the end of old segment list, and
               remove the "#EXT-X-ENDLIST" from the old segment list.

           round_durations
               Round the duration info in the playlist file segment info to
               integer values, instead of using floating point.

           discont_start
               Add the "#EXT-X-DISCONTINUITY" tag to the playlist, before the
               first segment's information.

           omit_endlist
               Do not append the "EXT-X-ENDLIST" tag at the end of the
               playlist.

           periodic_rekey
               The file specified by "hls_key_info_file" will be checked
               periodically and detect updates to the encryption info. Be sure
               to replace this file atomically, including the file containing
               the AES encryption key.

           independent_segments
               Add the "#EXT-X-INDEPENDENT-SEGMENTS" to playlists that has
               video segments and when all the segments of that playlist are
               guaranteed to start with a Key frame.

           iframes_only
               Add the "#EXT-X-I-FRAMES-ONLY" to playlists that has video
               segments and can play only I-frames in the "#EXT-X-BYTERANGE"
               mode.

           split_by_time
               Allow segments to start on frames other than keyframes. This
               improves behavior on some players when the time between
               keyframes is inconsistent, but may make things worse on others,
               and can cause some oddities during seeking. This flag should be
               used with the "hls_time" option.

           program_date_time
               Generate "EXT-X-PROGRAM-DATE-TIME" tags.

           second_level_segment_index
               Makes it possible to use segment indexes as %%d in
               hls_segment_filename expression besides date/time values when
               strftime is on.  To get fixed width numbers with trailing
               zeroes, %%0xd format is available where x is the required
               width.

           second_level_segment_size
               Makes it possible to use segment sizes (counted in bytes) as
               %%s in hls_segment_filename expression besides date/time values
               when strftime is on.  To get fixed width numbers with trailing
               zeroes, %%0xs format is available where x is the required
               width.

           second_level_segment_duration
               Makes it possible to use segment duration (calculated  in
               microseconds) as %%t in hls_segment_filename expression besides
               date/time values when strftime is on.  To get fixed width
               numbers with trailing zeroes, %%0xt format is available where x
               is the required width.

                       ffmpeg -i sample.mpeg \
                          -f hls -hls_time 3 -hls_list_size 5 \
                          -hls_flags second_level_segment_index+second_level_segment_size+second_level_segment_duration \
                          -strftime 1 -strftime_mkdir 1 -hls_segment_filename "segment_%Y%m%d%H%M%S_%%04d_%%08s_%%013t.ts" stream.m3u8

               This will produce segments like this:
               segment_20170102194334_0003_00122200_0000003000000.ts,
               segment_20170102194334_0004_00120072_0000003000000.ts etc.

           temp_file
               Write segment data to filename.tmp and rename to filename only
               once the segment is complete. A webserver serving up segments
               can be configured to reject requests to *.tmp to prevent access
               to in-progress segments before they have been added to the m3u8
               playlist. This flag also affects how m3u8 playlist files are
               created.  If this flag is set, all playlist files will written
               into temporary file and renamed after they are complete,
               similarly as segments are handled.  But playlists with "file"
               protocol and with type ("hls_playlist_type") other than "vod"
               are always written into temporary file regardless of this flag.
               Master playlist files ("master_pl_name"), if any, with "file"
               protocol, are always written into temporary file regardless of
               this flag if "master_pl_publish_rate" value is other than zero.

       hls_playlist_type event
           Emit "#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:EVENT" in the m3u8 header. Forces
           hls_list_size to 0; the playlist can only be appended to.

       hls_playlist_type vod
           Emit "#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD" in the m3u8 header. Forces
           hls_list_size to 0; the playlist must not change.

       method
           Use the given HTTP method to create the hls files.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -f hls -method PUT http://example.com/live/out.m3u8

           This example will upload all the mpegts segment files to the HTTP
           server using the HTTP PUT method, and update the m3u8 files every
           "refresh" times using the same method.  Note that the HTTP server
           must support the given method for uploading files.

       http_user_agent
           Override User-Agent field in HTTP header. Applicable only for HTTP
           output.

       var_stream_map
           Map string which specifies how to group the audio, video and
           subtitle streams into different variant streams. The variant stream
           groups are separated by space.  Expected string format is like this
           "a:0,v:0 a:1,v:1 ....". Here a:, v:, s: are the keys to specify
           audio, video and subtitle streams respectively.  Allowed values are
           0 to 9 (limited just based on practical usage).

           When there are two or more variant streams, the output filename
           pattern must contain the string "%v", this string specifies the
           position of variant stream index in the output media playlist
           filenames. The string "%v" may be present in the filename or in the
           last directory name containing the file. If the string is present
           in the directory name, then sub-directories are created after
           expanding the directory name pattern. This enables creation of
           variant streams in subdirectories.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example creates two hls variant streams. The first variant
           stream will contain video stream of bitrate 1000k and audio stream
           of bitrate 64k and the second variant stream will contain video
           stream of bitrate 256k and audio stream of bitrate 32k. Here, two
           media playlist with file names out_0.m3u8 and out_1.m3u8 will be
           created. If you want something meaningful text instead of indexes
           in result names, you may specify names for each or some of the
           variants as in the following example.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0,name:my_hd v:1,a:1,name:my_sd" \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example creates two hls variant streams as in the previous
           one.  But here, the two media playlist with file names
           out_my_hd.m3u8 and out_my_sd.m3u8 will be created.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k \
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0 a:0 v:1" \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example creates three hls variant streams. The first variant
           stream will be a video only stream with video bitrate 1000k, the
           second variant stream will be an audio only stream with bitrate 64k
           and the third variant stream will be a video only stream with
           bitrate 256k. Here, three media playlist with file names
           out_0.m3u8, out_1.m3u8 and out_2.m3u8 will be created.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0 v:1,a:1" \
                     http://example.com/live/vs_%v/out.m3u8

           This example creates the variant streams in subdirectories. Here,
           the first media playlist is created at
           http://example.com/live/vs_0/out.m3u8 and the second one at
           http://example.com/live/vs_1/out.m3u8.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:a:0 32k -b:a:1 64k -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 3000k  \
                     -map 0:a -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:v -f hls \
                     -var_stream_map "a:0,agroup:aud_low a:1,agroup:aud_high v:0,agroup:aud_low v:1,agroup:aud_high" \
                     -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example creates two audio only and two video only variant
           streams. In addition to the #EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant
           stream in the master playlist, #EXT-X-MEDIA tag is also added for
           the two audio only variant streams and they are mapped to the two
           video only variant streams with audio group names 'aud_low' and
           'aud_high'.

           By default, a single hls variant containing all the encoded streams
           is created.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:a:0 32k -b:a:1 64k -b:v:0 1000k \
                     -map 0:a -map 0:a -map 0:v -f hls \
                     -var_stream_map "a:0,agroup:aud_low,default:yes a:1,agroup:aud_low v:0,agroup:aud_low" \
                     -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example creates two audio only and one video only variant
           streams. In addition to the #EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant
           stream in the master playlist, #EXT-X-MEDIA tag is also added for
           the two audio only variant streams and they are mapped to the one
           video only variant streams with audio group name 'aud_low', and the
           audio group have default stat is NO or YES.

           By default, a single hls variant containing all the encoded streams
           is created.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:a:0 32k -b:a:1 64k -b:v:0 1000k \
                     -map 0:a -map 0:a -map 0:v -f hls \
                     -var_stream_map "a:0,agroup:aud_low,default:yes,language:ENG a:1,agroup:aud_low,language:CHN v:0,agroup:aud_low" \
                     -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example creates two audio only and one video only variant
           streams. In addition to the #EXT-X-STREAM-INF tag for each variant
           stream in the master playlist, #EXT-X-MEDIA tag is also added for
           the two audio only variant streams and they are mapped to the one
           video only variant streams with audio group name 'aud_low', and the
           audio group have default stat is NO or YES, and one audio have and
           language is named ENG, the other audio language is named CHN.

           By default, a single hls variant containing all the encoded streams
           is created.

                   ffmpeg -y -i input_with_subtitle.mkv \
                    -b:v:0 5250k -c:v h264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -profile:v main -level 4.1 \
                    -b:a:0 256k \
                    -c:s webvtt -c:a mp2 -ar 48000 -ac 2 -map 0:v -map 0:a:0 -map 0:s:0 \
                    -f hls -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0,s:0,sgroup:subtitle" \
                    -master_pl_name master.m3u8 -t 300 -hls_time 10 -hls_init_time 4 -hls_list_size \
                    10 -master_pl_publish_rate 10  -hls_flags \
                    delete_segments+discont_start+split_by_time ./tmp/video.m3u8

           This example adds "#EXT-X-MEDIA" tag with "TYPE=SUBTITLES" in the
           master playlist with webvtt subtitle group name 'subtitle'. Please
           make sure the input file has one text subtitle stream at least.

       cc_stream_map
           Map string which specifies different closed captions groups and
           their attributes. The closed captions stream groups are separated
           by space.  Expected string format is like this "ccgroup:<group
           name>,instreamid:<INSTREAM-ID>,language:<language code> ....".
           'ccgroup' and 'instreamid' are mandatory attributes. 'language' is
           an optional attribute.  The closed captions groups configured using
           this option are mapped to different variant streams by providing
           the same 'ccgroup' name in the "var_stream_map" string. If
           "var_stream_map" is not set, then the first available ccgroup in
           "cc_stream_map" is mapped to the output variant stream. The
           examples for these two use cases are given below.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v 1000k -b:a 64k -a53cc 1 -f hls \
                     -cc_stream_map "ccgroup:cc,instreamid:CC1,language:en" \
                     -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
                     http://example.com/live/out.m3u8

           This example adds "#EXT-X-MEDIA" tag with "TYPE=CLOSED-CAPTIONS" in
           the master playlist with group name 'cc', language 'en' (english)
           and INSTREAM-ID 'CC1'. Also, it adds "CLOSED-CAPTIONS" attribute
           with group name 'cc' for the output variant stream.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -b:v:0 1000k -b:v:1 256k -b:a:0 64k -b:a:1 32k \
                     -a53cc:0 1 -a53cc:1 1\
                     -map 0:v -map 0:a -map 0:v -map 0:a -f hls \
                     -cc_stream_map "ccgroup:cc,instreamid:CC1,language:en ccgroup:cc,instreamid:CC2,language:sp" \
                     -var_stream_map "v:0,a:0,ccgroup:cc v:1,a:1,ccgroup:cc" \
                     -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
                     http://example.com/live/out_%v.m3u8

           This example adds two "#EXT-X-MEDIA" tags with
           "TYPE=CLOSED-CAPTIONS" in the master playlist for the INSTREAM-IDs
           'CC1' and 'CC2'. Also, it adds "CLOSED-CAPTIONS" attribute with
           group name 'cc' for the two output variant streams.

       master_pl_name
           Create HLS master playlist with the given name.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -f hls -master_pl_name master.m3u8 http://example.com/live/out.m3u8

           This example creates HLS master playlist with name master.m3u8 and
           it is published at http://example.com/live/

       master_pl_publish_rate
           Publish master play list repeatedly every after specified number of
           segment intervals.

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.ts -f hls -master_pl_name master.m3u8 \
                   -hls_time 2 -master_pl_publish_rate 30 http://example.com/live/out.m3u8

           This example creates HLS master playlist with name master.m3u8 and
           keep publishing it repeatedly every after 30 segments i.e. every
           after 60s.

       http_persistent
           Use persistent HTTP connections. Applicable only for HTTP output.

       timeout
           Set timeout for socket I/O operations. Applicable only for HTTP
           output.

       -ignore_io_errors
           Ignore IO errors during open, write and delete. Useful for long-
           duration runs with network output.

       headers
           Set custom HTTP headers, can override built in default headers.
           Applicable only for HTTP output.

   ico
       ICO file muxer.

       Microsoft's icon file format (ICO) has some strict limitations that
       should be noted:

       o   Size cannot exceed 256 pixels in any dimension

       o   Only BMP and PNG images can be stored

       o   If a BMP image is used, it must be one of the following pixel
           formats:

                   BMP Bit Depth      FFmpeg Pixel Format
                   1bit               pal8
                   4bit               pal8
                   8bit               pal8
                   16bit              rgb555le
                   24bit              bgr24
                   32bit              bgra

       o   If a BMP image is used, it must use the BITMAPINFOHEADER DIB header

       o   If a PNG image is used, it must use the rgba pixel format

   image2
       Image file muxer.

       The image file muxer writes video frames to image files.

       The output filenames are specified by a pattern, which can be used to
       produce sequentially numbered series of files.  The pattern may contain
       the string "%d" or "%0Nd", this string specifies the position of the
       characters representing a numbering in the filenames. If the form
       "%0Nd" is used, the string representing the number in each filename is
       0-padded to N digits. The literal character '%' can be specified in the
       pattern with the string "%%".

       If the pattern contains "%d" or "%0Nd", the first filename of the file
       list specified will contain the number 1, all the following numbers
       will be sequential.

       The pattern may contain a suffix which is used to automatically
       determine the format of the image files to write.

       For example the pattern "img-%03d.bmp" will specify a sequence of
       filenames of the form img-001.bmp, img-002.bmp, ..., img-010.bmp, etc.
       The pattern "img%%-%d.jpg" will specify a sequence of filenames of the
       form img%-1.jpg, img%-2.jpg, ..., img%-10.jpg, etc.

       The image muxer supports the .Y.U.V image file format. This format is
       special in that that each image frame consists of three files, for each
       of the YUV420P components. To read or write this image file format,
       specify the name of the '.Y' file. The muxer will automatically open
       the '.U' and '.V' files as required.

       Options

       frame_pts
           If set to 1, expand the filename with pts from pkt->pts.  Default
           value is 0.

       start_number
           Start the sequence from the specified number. Default value is 1.

       update
           If set to 1, the filename will always be interpreted as just a
           filename, not a pattern, and the corresponding file will be
           continuously overwritten with new images. Default value is 0.

       strftime
           If set to 1, expand the filename with date and time information
           from "strftime()". Default value is 0.

       protocol_opts options_list
           Set protocol options as a :-separated list of key=value parameters.
           Values containing the ":" special character must be escaped.

       Examples

       The following example shows how to use ffmpeg for creating a sequence
       of files img-001.jpeg, img-002.jpeg, ..., taking one image every second
       from the input video:

               ffmpeg -i in.avi -vsync cfr -r 1 -f image2 'img-%03d.jpeg'

       Note that with ffmpeg, if the format is not specified with the "-f"
       option and the output filename specifies an image file format, the
       image2 muxer is automatically selected, so the previous command can be
       written as:

               ffmpeg -i in.avi -vsync cfr -r 1 'img-%03d.jpeg'

       Note also that the pattern must not necessarily contain "%d" or "%0Nd",
       for example to create a single image file img.jpeg from the start of
       the input video you can employ the command:

               ffmpeg -i in.avi -f image2 -frames:v 1 img.jpeg

       The strftime option allows you to expand the filename with date and
       time information. Check the documentation of the "strftime()" function
       for the syntax.

       For example to generate image files from the "strftime()"
       "%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S" pattern, the following ffmpeg command can be used:

               ffmpeg -f v4l2 -r 1 -i /dev/video0 -f image2 -strftime 1 "%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S.jpg"

       You can set the file name with current frame's PTS:

               ffmpeg -f v4l2 -r 1 -i /dev/video0 -copyts -f image2 -frame_pts true %d.jpg"

       A more complex example is to publish contents of your desktop directly
       to a WebDAV server every second:

               ffmpeg -f x11grab -framerate 1 -i :0.0 -q:v 6 -update 1 -protocol_opts method=PUT http://example.com/desktop.jpg

   matroska
       Matroska container muxer.

       This muxer implements the matroska and webm container specs.

       Metadata

       The recognized metadata settings in this muxer are:

       title
           Set title name provided to a single track. This gets mapped to the
           FileDescription element for a stream written as attachment.

       language
           Specify the language of the track in the Matroska languages form.

           The language can be either the 3 letters bibliographic ISO-639-2
           (ISO 639-2/B) form (like "fre" for French), or a language code
           mixed with a country code for specialities in languages (like "fre-
           ca" for Canadian French).

       stereo_mode
           Set stereo 3D video layout of two views in a single video track.

           The following values are recognized:

           mono
               video is not stereo

           left_right
               Both views are arranged side by side, Left-eye view is on the
               left

           bottom_top
               Both views are arranged in top-bottom orientation, Left-eye
               view is at bottom

           top_bottom
               Both views are arranged in top-bottom orientation, Left-eye
               view is on top

           checkerboard_rl
               Each view is arranged in a checkerboard interleaved pattern,
               Left-eye view being first

           checkerboard_lr
               Each view is arranged in a checkerboard interleaved pattern,
               Right-eye view being first

           row_interleaved_rl
               Each view is constituted by a row based interleaving, Right-eye
               view is first row

           row_interleaved_lr
               Each view is constituted by a row based interleaving, Left-eye
               view is first row

           col_interleaved_rl
               Both views are arranged in a column based interleaving manner,
               Right-eye view is first column

           col_interleaved_lr
               Both views are arranged in a column based interleaving manner,
               Left-eye view is first column

           anaglyph_cyan_red
               All frames are in anaglyph format viewable through red-cyan
               filters

           right_left
               Both views are arranged side by side, Right-eye view is on the
               left

           anaglyph_green_magenta
               All frames are in anaglyph format viewable through green-
               magenta filters

           block_lr
               Both eyes laced in one Block, Left-eye view is first

           block_rl
               Both eyes laced in one Block, Right-eye view is first

       For example a 3D WebM clip can be created using the following command
       line:

               ffmpeg -i sample_left_right_clip.mpg -an -c:v libvpx -metadata stereo_mode=left_right -y stereo_clip.webm

       Options

       This muxer supports the following options:

       reserve_index_space
           By default, this muxer writes the index for seeking (called cues in
           Matroska terms) at the end of the file, because it cannot know in
           advance how much space to leave for the index at the beginning of
           the file. However for some use cases -- e.g.  streaming where
           seeking is possible but slow -- it is useful to put the index at
           the beginning of the file.

           If this option is set to a non-zero value, the muxer will reserve a
           given amount of space in the file header and then try to write the
           cues there when the muxing finishes. If the reserved space does not
           suffice, no Cues will be written, the file will be finalized and
           writing the trailer will return an error.  A safe size for most use
           cases should be about 50kB per hour of video.

           Note that cues are only written if the output is seekable and this
           option will have no effect if it is not.

       default_mode
           This option controls how the FlagDefault of the output tracks will
           be set.  It influences which tracks players should play by default.
           The default mode is infer.

           infer
               In this mode, for each type of track (audio, video or
               subtitle), if there is a track with disposition default of this
               type, then the first such track (i.e. the one with the lowest
               index) will be marked as default; if no such track exists, the
               first track of this type will be marked as default instead (if
               existing). This ensures that the default flag is set in a
               sensible way even if the input originated from containers that
               lack the concept of default tracks.

           infer_no_subs
               This mode is the same as infer except that if no subtitle track
               with disposition default exists, no subtitle track will be
               marked as default.

           passthrough
               In this mode the FlagDefault is set if and only if the
               AV_DISPOSITION_DEFAULT flag is set in the disposition of the
               corresponding stream.

       flipped_raw_rgb
           If set to true, store positive height for raw RGB bitmaps, which
           indicates bitmap is stored bottom-up. Note that this option does
           not flip the bitmap which has to be done manually beforehand, e.g.
           by using the vflip filter.  Default is false and indicates bitmap
           is stored top down.

   md5
       MD5 testing format.

       This is a variant of the hash muxer. Unlike that muxer, it defaults to
       using the MD5 hash function.

       Examples

       To compute the MD5 hash of the input converted to raw audio and video,
       and store it in the file out.md5:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f md5 out.md5

       You can print the MD5 to stdout with the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f md5 -

       See also the hash and framemd5 muxers.

   mov, mp4, ismv
       MOV/MP4/ISMV (Smooth Streaming) muxer.

       The mov/mp4/ismv muxer supports fragmentation. Normally, a MOV/MP4 file
       has all the metadata about all packets stored in one location (written
       at the end of the file, it can be moved to the start for better
       playback by adding faststart to the movflags, or using the qt-faststart
       tool). A fragmented file consists of a number of fragments, where
       packets and metadata about these packets are stored together. Writing a
       fragmented file has the advantage that the file is decodable even if
       the writing is interrupted (while a normal MOV/MP4 is undecodable if it
       is not properly finished), and it requires less memory when writing
       very long files (since writing normal MOV/MP4 files stores info about
       every single packet in memory until the file is closed). The downside
       is that it is less compatible with other applications.

       Options

       Fragmentation is enabled by setting one of the AVOptions that define
       how to cut the file into fragments:

       -moov_size bytes
           Reserves space for the moov atom at the beginning of the file
           instead of placing the moov atom at the end. If the space reserved
           is insufficient, muxing will fail.

       -movflags frag_keyframe
           Start a new fragment at each video keyframe.

       -frag_duration duration
           Create fragments that are duration microseconds long.

       -frag_size size
           Create fragments that contain up to size bytes of payload data.

       -movflags frag_custom
           Allow the caller to manually choose when to cut fragments, by
           calling "av_write_frame(ctx, NULL)" to write a fragment with the
           packets written so far. (This is only useful with other
           applications integrating libavformat, not from ffmpeg.)

       -min_frag_duration duration
           Don't create fragments that are shorter than duration microseconds
           long.

       If more than one condition is specified, fragments are cut when one of
       the specified conditions is fulfilled. The exception to this is
       "-min_frag_duration", which has to be fulfilled for any of the other
       conditions to apply.

       Additionally, the way the output file is written can be adjusted
       through a few other options:

       -movflags empty_moov
           Write an initial moov atom directly at the start of the file,
           without describing any samples in it. Generally, an mdat/moov pair
           is written at the start of the file, as a normal MOV/MP4 file,
           containing only a short portion of the file. With this option set,
           there is no initial mdat atom, and the moov atom only describes the
           tracks but has a zero duration.

           This option is implicitly set when writing ismv (Smooth Streaming)
           files.

       -movflags separate_moof
           Write a separate moof (movie fragment) atom for each track.
           Normally, packets for all tracks are written in a moof atom (which
           is slightly more efficient), but with this option set, the muxer
           writes one moof/mdat pair for each track, making it easier to
           separate tracks.

           This option is implicitly set when writing ismv (Smooth Streaming)
           files.

       -movflags skip_sidx
           Skip writing of sidx atom. When bitrate overhead due to sidx atom
           is high, this option could be used for cases where sidx atom is not
           mandatory.  When global_sidx flag is enabled, this option will be
           ignored.

       -movflags faststart
           Run a second pass moving the index (moov atom) to the beginning of
           the file.  This operation can take a while, and will not work in
           various situations such as fragmented output, thus it is not
           enabled by default.

       -movflags rtphint
           Add RTP hinting tracks to the output file.

       -movflags disable_chpl
           Disable Nero chapter markers (chpl atom).  Normally, both Nero
           chapters and a QuickTime chapter track are written to the file.
           With this option set, only the QuickTime chapter track will be
           written. Nero chapters can cause failures when the file is
           reprocessed with certain tagging programs, like mp3Tag 2.61a and
           iTunes 11.3, most likely other versions are affected as well.

       -movflags omit_tfhd_offset
           Do not write any absolute base_data_offset in tfhd atoms. This
           avoids tying fragments to absolute byte positions in the
           file/streams.

       -movflags default_base_moof
           Similarly to the omit_tfhd_offset, this flag avoids writing the
           absolute base_data_offset field in tfhd atoms, but does so by using
           the new default-base-is-moof flag instead. This flag is new from
           14496-12:2012. This may make the fragments easier to parse in
           certain circumstances (avoiding basing track fragment location
           calculations on the implicit end of the previous track fragment).

       -write_tmcd
           Specify "on" to force writing a timecode track, "off" to disable it
           and "auto" to write a timecode track only for mov and mp4 output
           (default).

       -movflags negative_cts_offsets
           Enables utilization of version 1 of the CTTS box, in which the CTS
           offsets can be negative. This enables the initial sample to have
           DTS/CTS of zero, and reduces the need for edit lists for some cases
           such as video tracks with B-frames. Additionally, eases conformance
           with the DASH-IF interoperability guidelines.

           This option is implicitly set when writing ismv (Smooth Streaming)
           files.

       -write_prft
           Write producer time reference box (PRFT) with a specified time
           source for the NTP field in the PRFT box. Set value as wallclock to
           specify timesource as wallclock time and pts to specify timesource
           as input packets' PTS values.

           Setting value to pts is applicable only for a live encoding use
           case, where PTS values are set as as wallclock time at the source.
           For example, an encoding use case with decklink capture source
           where video_pts and audio_pts are set to abs_wallclock.

       Example

       Smooth Streaming content can be pushed in real time to a publishing
       point on IIS with this muxer. Example:

               ffmpeg -re <<normal input/transcoding options>> -movflags isml+frag_keyframe -f ismv http://server/publishingpoint.isml/Streams(Encoder1)

   mp3
       The MP3 muxer writes a raw MP3 stream with the following optional
       features:

       o   An ID3v2 metadata header at the beginning (enabled by default).
           Versions 2.3 and 2.4 are supported, the "id3v2_version" private
           option controls which one is used (3 or 4). Setting "id3v2_version"
           to 0 disables the ID3v2 header completely.

           The muxer supports writing attached pictures (APIC frames) to the
           ID3v2 header.  The pictures are supplied to the muxer in form of a
           video stream with a single packet. There can be any number of those
           streams, each will correspond to a single APIC frame.  The stream
           metadata tags title and comment map to APIC description and picture
           type respectively. See <http://id3.org/id3v2.4.0-frames> for
           allowed picture types.

           Note that the APIC frames must be written at the beginning, so the
           muxer will buffer the audio frames until it gets all the pictures.
           It is therefore advised to provide the pictures as soon as possible
           to avoid excessive buffering.

       o   A Xing/LAME frame right after the ID3v2 header (if present). It is
           enabled by default, but will be written only if the output is
           seekable. The "write_xing" private option can be used to disable
           it.  The frame contains various information that may be useful to
           the decoder, like the audio duration or encoder delay.

       o   A legacy ID3v1 tag at the end of the file (disabled by default). It
           may be enabled with the "write_id3v1" private option, but as its
           capabilities are very limited, its usage is not recommended.

       Examples:

       Write an mp3 with an ID3v2.3 header and an ID3v1 footer:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -id3v2_version 3 -write_id3v1 1 out.mp3

       To attach a picture to an mp3 file select both the audio and the
       picture stream with "map":

               ffmpeg -i input.mp3 -i cover.png -c copy -map 0 -map 1
               -metadata:s:v title="Album cover" -metadata:s:v comment="Cover (Front)" out.mp3

       Write a "clean" MP3 without any extra features:

               ffmpeg -i input.wav -write_xing 0 -id3v2_version 0 out.mp3

   mpegts
       MPEG transport stream muxer.

       This muxer implements ISO 13818-1 and part of ETSI EN 300 468.

       The recognized metadata settings in mpegts muxer are "service_provider"
       and "service_name". If they are not set the default for
       "service_provider" is FFmpeg and the default for "service_name" is
       Service01.

       Options

       The muxer options are:

       mpegts_transport_stream_id integer
           Set the transport_stream_id. This identifies a transponder in DVB.
           Default is 0x0001.

       mpegts_original_network_id integer
           Set the original_network_id. This is unique identifier of a network
           in DVB. Its main use is in the unique identification of a service
           through the path Original_Network_ID, Transport_Stream_ID. Default
           is 0x0001.

       mpegts_service_id integer
           Set the service_id, also known as program in DVB. Default is
           0x0001.

       mpegts_service_type integer
           Set the program service_type. Default is "digital_tv".  Accepts the
           following options:

           hex_value
               Any hexadecimal value between 0x01 and 0xff as defined in ETSI
               300 468.

           digital_tv
               Digital TV service.

           digital_radio
               Digital Radio service.

           teletext
               Teletext service.

           advanced_codec_digital_radio
               Advanced Codec Digital Radio service.

           mpeg2_digital_hdtv
               MPEG2 Digital HDTV service.

           advanced_codec_digital_sdtv
               Advanced Codec Digital SDTV service.

           advanced_codec_digital_hdtv
               Advanced Codec Digital HDTV service.

       mpegts_pmt_start_pid integer
           Set the first PID for PMTs. Default is 0x1000, minimum is 0x0020,
           maximum is 0x1ffa. This option has no effect in m2ts mode where the
           PMT PID is fixed 0x0100.

       mpegts_start_pid integer
           Set the first PID for elementary streams. Default is 0x0100,
           minimum is 0x0020, maximum is 0x1ffa. This option has no effect in
           m2ts mode where the elementary stream PIDs are fixed.

       mpegts_m2ts_mode boolean
           Enable m2ts mode if set to 1. Default value is "-1" which disables
           m2ts mode.

       muxrate integer
           Set a constant muxrate. Default is VBR.

       pes_payload_size integer
           Set minimum PES packet payload in bytes. Default is 2930.

       mpegts_flags flags
           Set mpegts flags. Accepts the following options:

           resend_headers
               Reemit PAT/PMT before writing the next packet.

           latm
               Use LATM packetization for AAC.

           pat_pmt_at_frames
               Reemit PAT and PMT at each video frame.

           system_b
               Conform to System B (DVB) instead of System A (ATSC).

           initial_discontinuity
               Mark the initial packet of each stream as discontinuity.

       mpegts_copyts boolean
           Preserve original timestamps, if value is set to 1. Default value
           is "-1", which results in shifting timestamps so that they start
           from 0.

       omit_video_pes_length boolean
           Omit the PES packet length for video packets. Default is 1 (true).

       pcr_period integer
           Override the default PCR retransmission time in milliseconds.
           Default is "-1" which means that the PCR interval will be
           determined automatically: 20 ms is used for CBR streams, the
           highest multiple of the frame duration which is less than 100 ms is
           used for VBR streams.

       pat_period duration
           Maximum time in seconds between PAT/PMT tables. Default is 0.1.

       sdt_period duration
           Maximum time in seconds between SDT tables. Default is 0.5.

       tables_version integer
           Set PAT, PMT and SDT version (default 0, valid values are from 0 to
           31, inclusively).  This option allows updating stream structure so
           that standard consumer may detect the change. To do so, reopen
           output "AVFormatContext" (in case of API usage) or restart ffmpeg
           instance, cyclically changing tables_version value:

                   ffmpeg -i source1.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 0 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
                   ffmpeg -i source2.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 1 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
                   ...
                   ffmpeg -i source3.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 31 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
                   ffmpeg -i source1.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 0 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
                   ffmpeg -i source2.ts -codec copy -f mpegts -tables_version 1 udp://1.1.1.1:1111
                   ...

       Example

               ffmpeg -i file.mpg -c copy \
                    -mpegts_original_network_id 0x1122 \
                    -mpegts_transport_stream_id 0x3344 \
                    -mpegts_service_id 0x5566 \
                    -mpegts_pmt_start_pid 0x1500 \
                    -mpegts_start_pid 0x150 \
                    -metadata service_provider="Some provider" \
                    -metadata service_name="Some Channel" \
                    out.ts

   mxf, mxf_d10, mxf_opatom
       MXF muxer.

       Options

       The muxer options are:

       store_user_comments bool
           Set if user comments should be stored if available or never.  IRT
           D-10 does not allow user comments. The default is thus to write
           them for mxf and mxf_opatom but not for mxf_d10

   null
       Null muxer.

       This muxer does not generate any output file, it is mainly useful for
       testing or benchmarking purposes.

       For example to benchmark decoding with ffmpeg you can use the command:

               ffmpeg -benchmark -i INPUT -f null out.null

       Note that the above command does not read or write the out.null file,
       but specifying the output file is required by the ffmpeg syntax.

       Alternatively you can write the command as:

               ffmpeg -benchmark -i INPUT -f null -

   nut
       -syncpoints flags
           Change the syncpoint usage in nut:

           default use the normal low-overhead seeking aids.
           none do not use the syncpoints at all, reducing the overhead but
           making the stream non-seekable;
                   Use of this option is not recommended, as the resulting files are very damage
                   sensitive and seeking is not possible. Also in general the overhead from
                   syncpoints is negligible. Note, -C<write_index> 0 can be used to disable
                   all growing data tables, allowing to mux endless streams with limited memory
                   and without these disadvantages.

           timestamped extend the syncpoint with a wallclock field.

           The none and timestamped flags are experimental.

       -write_index bool
           Write index at the end, the default is to write an index.

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f_strict experimental -syncpoints none - | processor

   ogg
       Ogg container muxer.

       -page_duration duration
           Preferred page duration, in microseconds. The muxer will attempt to
           create pages that are approximately duration microseconds long.
           This allows the user to compromise between seek granularity and
           container overhead. The default is 1 second. A value of 0 will fill
           all segments, making pages as large as possible. A value of 1 will
           effectively use 1 packet-per-page in most situations, giving a
           small seek granularity at the cost of additional container
           overhead.

       -serial_offset value
           Serial value from which to set the streams serial number.  Setting
           it to different and sufficiently large values ensures that the
           produced ogg files can be safely chained.

   segment, stream_segment, ssegment
       Basic stream segmenter.

       This muxer outputs streams to a number of separate files of nearly
       fixed duration. Output filename pattern can be set in a fashion similar
       to image2, or by using a "strftime" template if the strftime option is
       enabled.

       "stream_segment" is a variant of the muxer used to write to streaming
       output formats, i.e. which do not require global headers, and is
       recommended for outputting e.g. to MPEG transport stream segments.
       "ssegment" is a shorter alias for "stream_segment".

       Every segment starts with a keyframe of the selected reference stream,
       which is set through the reference_stream option.

       Note that if you want accurate splitting for a video file, you need to
       make the input key frames correspond to the exact splitting times
       expected by the segmenter, or the segment muxer will start the new
       segment with the key frame found next after the specified start time.

       The segment muxer works best with a single constant frame rate video.

       Optionally it can generate a list of the created segments, by setting
       the option segment_list. The list type is specified by the
       segment_list_type option. The entry filenames in the segment list are
       set by default to the basename of the corresponding segment files.

       See also the hls muxer, which provides a more specific implementation
       for HLS segmentation.

       Options

       The segment muxer supports the following options:

       increment_tc 1|0
           if set to 1, increment timecode between each segment If this is
           selected, the input need to have a timecode in the first video
           stream. Default value is 0.

       reference_stream specifier
           Set the reference stream, as specified by the string specifier.  If
           specifier is set to "auto", the reference is chosen automatically.
           Otherwise it must be a stream specifier (see the ``Stream
           specifiers'' chapter in the ffmpeg manual) which specifies the
           reference stream. The default value is "auto".

       segment_format format
           Override the inner container format, by default it is guessed by
           the filename extension.

       segment_format_options options_list
           Set output format options using a :-separated list of key=value
           parameters. Values containing the ":" special character must be
           escaped.

       segment_list name
           Generate also a listfile named name. If not specified no listfile
           is generated.

       segment_list_flags flags
           Set flags affecting the segment list generation.

           It currently supports the following flags:

           cache
               Allow caching (only affects M3U8 list files).

           live
               Allow live-friendly file generation.

       segment_list_size size
           Update the list file so that it contains at most size segments. If
           0 the list file will contain all the segments. Default value is 0.

       segment_list_entry_prefix prefix
           Prepend prefix to each entry. Useful to generate absolute paths.
           By default no prefix is applied.

       segment_list_type type
           Select the listing format.

           The following values are recognized:

           flat
               Generate a flat list for the created segments, one segment per
               line.

           csv, ext
               Generate a list for the created segments, one segment per line,
               each line matching the format (comma-separated values):

                       <segment_filename>,<segment_start_time>,<segment_end_time>

               segment_filename is the name of the output file generated by
               the muxer according to the provided pattern. CSV escaping
               (according to RFC4180) is applied if required.

               segment_start_time and segment_end_time specify the segment
               start and end time expressed in seconds.

               A list file with the suffix ".csv" or ".ext" will auto-select
               this format.

               ext is deprecated in favor or csv.

           ffconcat
               Generate an ffconcat file for the created segments. The
               resulting file can be read using the FFmpeg concat demuxer.

               A list file with the suffix ".ffcat" or ".ffconcat" will auto-
               select this format.

           m3u8
               Generate an extended M3U8 file, version 3, compliant with
               <http://tools.ietf.org/id/draft-pantos-http-live-streaming>.

               A list file with the suffix ".m3u8" will auto-select this
               format.

           If not specified the type is guessed from the list file name
           suffix.

       segment_time time
           Set segment duration to time, the value must be a duration
           specification. Default value is "2". See also the segment_times
           option.

           Note that splitting may not be accurate, unless you force the
           reference stream key-frames at the given time. See the introductory
           notice and the examples below.

       segment_atclocktime 1|0
           If set to "1" split at regular clock time intervals starting from
           00:00 o'clock. The time value specified in segment_time is used for
           setting the length of the splitting interval.

           For example with segment_time set to "900" this makes it possible
           to create files at 12:00 o'clock, 12:15, 12:30, etc.

           Default value is "0".

       segment_clocktime_offset duration
           Delay the segment splitting times with the specified duration when
           using segment_atclocktime.

           For example with segment_time set to "900" and
           segment_clocktime_offset set to "300" this makes it possible to
           create files at 12:05, 12:20, 12:35, etc.

           Default value is "0".

       segment_clocktime_wrap_duration duration
           Force the segmenter to only start a new segment if a packet reaches
           the muxer within the specified duration after the segmenting clock
           time. This way you can make the segmenter more resilient to
           backward local time jumps, such as leap seconds or transition to
           standard time from daylight savings time.

           Default is the maximum possible duration which means starting a new
           segment regardless of the elapsed time since the last clock time.

       segment_time_delta delta
           Specify the accuracy time when selecting the start time for a
           segment, expressed as a duration specification. Default value is
           "0".

           When delta is specified a key-frame will start a new segment if its
           PTS satisfies the relation:

                   PTS >= start_time - time_delta

           This option is useful when splitting video content, which is always
           split at GOP boundaries, in case a key frame is found just before
           the specified split time.

           In particular may be used in combination with the ffmpeg option
           force_key_frames. The key frame times specified by force_key_frames
           may not be set accurately because of rounding issues, with the
           consequence that a key frame time may result set just before the
           specified time. For constant frame rate videos a value of
           1/(2*frame_rate) should address the worst case mismatch between the
           specified time and the time set by force_key_frames.

       segment_times times
           Specify a list of split points. times contains a list of comma
           separated duration specifications, in increasing order. See also
           the segment_time option.

       segment_frames frames
           Specify a list of split video frame numbers. frames contains a list
           of comma separated integer numbers, in increasing order.

           This option specifies to start a new segment whenever a reference
           stream key frame is found and the sequential number (starting from
           0) of the frame is greater or equal to the next value in the list.

       segment_wrap limit
           Wrap around segment index once it reaches limit.

       segment_start_number number
           Set the sequence number of the first segment. Defaults to 0.

       strftime 1|0
           Use the "strftime" function to define the name of the new segments
           to write. If this is selected, the output segment name must contain
           a "strftime" function template. Default value is 0.

       break_non_keyframes 1|0
           If enabled, allow segments to start on frames other than keyframes.
           This improves behavior on some players when the time between
           keyframes is inconsistent, but may make things worse on others, and
           can cause some oddities during seeking. Defaults to 0.

       reset_timestamps 1|0
           Reset timestamps at the beginning of each segment, so that each
           segment will start with near-zero timestamps. It is meant to ease
           the playback of the generated segments. May not work with some
           combinations of muxers/codecs. It is set to 0 by default.

       initial_offset offset
           Specify timestamp offset to apply to the output packet timestamps.
           The argument must be a time duration specification, and defaults to
           0.

       write_empty_segments 1|0
           If enabled, write an empty segment if there are no packets during
           the period a segment would usually span. Otherwise, the segment
           will be filled with the next packet written. Defaults to 0.

       Make sure to require a closed GOP when encoding and to set the GOP size
       to fit your segment time constraint.

       Examples

       o   Remux the content of file in.mkv to a list of segments out-000.nut,
           out-001.nut, etc., and write the list of generated segments to
           out.list:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec hevc -flags +cgop -g 60 -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.list out%03d.nut

       o   Segment input and set output format options for the output
           segments:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -f segment -segment_time 10 -segment_format_options movflags=+faststart out%03d.mp4

       o   Segment the input file according to the split points specified by
           the segment_times option:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_times 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 out%03d.nut

       o   Use the ffmpeg force_key_frames option to force key frames in the
           input at the specified location, together with the segment option
           segment_time_delta to account for possible roundings operated when
           setting key frame times.

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -force_key_frames 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 -codec:v mpeg4 -codec:a pcm_s16le -map 0 \
                   -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_times 1,2,3,5,8,13,21 -segment_time_delta 0.05 out%03d.nut

           In order to force key frames on the input file, transcoding is
           required.

       o   Segment the input file by splitting the input file according to the
           frame numbers sequence specified with the segment_frames option:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list out.csv -segment_frames 100,200,300,500,800 out%03d.nut

       o   Convert the in.mkv to TS segments using the "libx264" and "aac"
           encoders:

                   ffmpeg -i in.mkv -map 0 -codec:v libx264 -codec:a aac -f ssegment -segment_list out.list out%03d.ts

       o   Segment the input file, and create an M3U8 live playlist (can be
           used as live HLS source):

                   ffmpeg -re -i in.mkv -codec copy -map 0 -f segment -segment_list playlist.m3u8 \
                   -segment_list_flags +live -segment_time 10 out%03d.mkv

   smoothstreaming
       Smooth Streaming muxer generates a set of files (Manifest, chunks)
       suitable for serving with conventional web server.

       window_size
           Specify the number of fragments kept in the manifest. Default 0
           (keep all).

       extra_window_size
           Specify the number of fragments kept outside of the manifest before
           removing from disk. Default 5.

       lookahead_count
           Specify the number of lookahead fragments. Default 2.

       min_frag_duration
           Specify the minimum fragment duration (in microseconds). Default
           5000000.

       remove_at_exit
           Specify whether to remove all fragments when finished. Default 0
           (do not remove).

   streamhash
       Per stream hash testing format.

       This muxer computes and prints a cryptographic hash of all the input
       frames, on a per-stream basis. This can be used for equality checks
       without having to do a complete binary comparison.

       By default audio frames are converted to signed 16-bit raw audio and
       video frames to raw video before computing the hash, but the output of
       explicit conversions to other codecs can also be used. Timestamps are
       ignored. It uses the SHA-256 cryptographic hash function by default,
       but supports several other algorithms.

       The output of the muxer consists of one line per stream of the form:
       streamindex,streamtype,algo=hash, where streamindex is the index of the
       mapped stream, streamtype is a single character indicating the type of
       stream, algo is a short string representing the hash function used, and
       hash is a hexadecimal number representing the computed hash.

       hash algorithm
           Use the cryptographic hash function specified by the string
           algorithm.  Supported values include "MD5", "murmur3", "RIPEMD128",
           "RIPEMD160", "RIPEMD256", "RIPEMD320", "SHA160", "SHA224", "SHA256"
           (default), "SHA512/224", "SHA512/256", "SHA384", "SHA512", "CRC32"
           and "adler32".

       Examples

       To compute the SHA-256 hash of the input converted to raw audio and
       video, and store it in the file out.sha256:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f streamhash out.sha256

       To print an MD5 hash to stdout use the command:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f streamhash -hash md5 -

       See also the hash and framehash muxers.

   fifo
       The fifo pseudo-muxer allows the separation of encoding and muxing by
       using first-in-first-out queue and running the actual muxer in a
       separate thread. This is especially useful in combination with the tee
       muxer and can be used to send data to several destinations with
       different reliability/writing speed/latency.

       API users should be aware that callback functions (interrupt_callback,
       io_open and io_close) used within its AVFormatContext must be thread-
       safe.

       The behavior of the fifo muxer if the queue fills up or if the output
       fails is selectable,

       o   output can be transparently restarted with configurable delay
           between retries based on real time or time of the processed stream.

       o   encoding can be blocked during temporary failure, or continue
           transparently dropping packets in case fifo queue fills up.

       fifo_format
           Specify the format name. Useful if it cannot be guessed from the
           output name suffix.

       queue_size
           Specify size of the queue (number of packets). Default value is 60.

       format_opts
           Specify format options for the underlying muxer. Muxer options can
           be specified as a list of key=value pairs separated by ':'.

       drop_pkts_on_overflow bool
           If set to 1 (true), in case the fifo queue fills up, packets will
           be dropped rather than blocking the encoder. This makes it possible
           to continue streaming without delaying the input, at the cost of
           omitting part of the stream. By default this option is set to 0
           (false), so in such cases the encoder will be blocked until the
           muxer processes some of the packets and none of them is lost.

       attempt_recovery bool
           If failure occurs, attempt to recover the output. This is
           especially useful when used with network output, since it makes it
           possible to restart streaming transparently.  By default this
           option is set to 0 (false).

       max_recovery_attempts
           Sets maximum number of successive unsuccessful recovery attempts
           after which the output fails permanently. By default this option is
           set to 0 (unlimited).

       recovery_wait_time duration
           Waiting time before the next recovery attempt after previous
           unsuccessful recovery attempt. Default value is 5 seconds.

       recovery_wait_streamtime bool
           If set to 0 (false), the real time is used when waiting for the
           recovery attempt (i.e. the recovery will be attempted after at
           least recovery_wait_time seconds).  If set to 1 (true), the time of
           the processed stream is taken into account instead (i.e. the
           recovery will be attempted after at least recovery_wait_time
           seconds of the stream is omitted).  By default, this option is set
           to 0 (false).

       recover_any_error bool
           If set to 1 (true), recovery will be attempted regardless of type
           of the error causing the failure. By default this option is set to
           0 (false) and in case of certain (usually permanent) errors the
           recovery is not attempted even when attempt_recovery is set to 1.

       restart_with_keyframe bool
           Specify whether to wait for the keyframe after recovering from
           queue overflow or failure. This option is set to 0 (false) by
           default.

       timeshift duration
           Buffer the specified amount of packets and delay writing the
           output. Note that queue_size must be big enough to store the
           packets for timeshift. At the end of the input the fifo buffer is
           flushed at realtime speed.

       Examples

       o   Stream something to rtmp server, continue processing the stream at
           real-time rate even in case of temporary failure (network outage)
           and attempt to recover streaming every second indefinitely.

                   ffmpeg -re -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a aac -f fifo -fifo_format flv -map 0:v -map 0:a
                     -drop_pkts_on_overflow 1 -attempt_recovery 1 -recovery_wait_time 1 rtmp://example.com/live/stream_name

   tee
       The tee muxer can be used to write the same data to several outputs,
       such as files or streams.  It can be used, for example, to stream a
       video over a network and save it to disk at the same time.

       It is different from specifying several outputs to the ffmpeg command-
       line tool. With the tee muxer, the audio and video data will be encoded
       only once.  With conventional multiple outputs, multiple encoding
       operations in parallel are initiated, which can be a very expensive
       process. The tee muxer is not useful when using the libavformat API
       directly because it is then possible to feed the same packets to
       several muxers directly.

       Since the tee muxer does not represent any particular output format,
       ffmpeg cannot auto-select output streams. So all streams intended for
       output must be specified using "-map". See the examples below.

       Some encoders may need different options depending on the output
       format; the auto-detection of this can not work with the tee muxer, so
       they need to be explicitly specified.  The main example is the
       global_header flag.

       The slave outputs are specified in the file name given to the muxer,
       separated by '|'. If any of the slave name contains the '|' separator,
       leading or trailing spaces or any special character, those must be
       escaped (see the "Quoting and escaping" section in the ffmpeg-utils(1)
       manual).

       Options

       use_fifo bool
           If set to 1, slave outputs will be processed in separate threads
           using the fifo muxer. This allows to compensate for different
           speed/latency/reliability of outputs and setup transparent
           recovery. By default this feature is turned off.

       fifo_options
           Options to pass to fifo pseudo-muxer instances. See fifo.

       Muxer options can be specified for each slave by prepending them as a
       list of key=value pairs separated by ':', between square brackets. If
       the options values contain a special character or the ':' separator,
       they must be escaped; note that this is a second level escaping.

       The following special options are also recognized:

       f   Specify the format name. Required if it cannot be guessed from the
           output URL.

       bsfs[/spec]
           Specify a list of bitstream filters to apply to the specified
           output.

           It is possible to specify to which streams a given bitstream filter
           applies, by appending a stream specifier to the option separated by
           "/". spec must be a stream specifier (see Format stream
           specifiers).

           If the stream specifier is not specified, the bitstream filters
           will be applied to all streams in the output. This will cause that
           output operation to fail if the output contains streams to which
           the bitstream filter cannot be applied e.g. "h264_mp4toannexb"
           being applied to an output containing an audio stream.

           Options for a bitstream filter must be specified in the form of
           "opt=value".

           Several bitstream filters can be specified, separated by ",".

       use_fifo bool
           This allows to override tee muxer use_fifo option for individual
           slave muxer.

       fifo_options
           This allows to override tee muxer fifo_options for individual slave
           muxer.  See fifo.

       select
           Select the streams that should be mapped to the slave output,
           specified by a stream specifier. If not specified, this defaults to
           all the mapped streams. This will cause that output operation to
           fail if the output format does not accept all mapped streams.

           You may use multiple stream specifiers separated by commas (",")
           e.g.: "a:0,v"

       onfail
           Specify behaviour on output failure. This can be set to either
           "abort" (which is default) or "ignore". "abort" will cause whole
           process to fail in case of failure on this slave output. "ignore"
           will ignore failure on this output, so other outputs will continue
           without being affected.

       Examples

       o   Encode something and both archive it in a WebM file and stream it
           as MPEG-TS over UDP:

                   ffmpeg -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a mp2 -f tee -map 0:v -map 0:a
                     "archive-20121107.mkv|[f=mpegts]udp://10.0.1.255:1234/"

       o   As above, but continue streaming even if output to local file fails
           (for example local drive fills up):

                   ffmpeg -i ... -c:v libx264 -c:a mp2 -f tee -map 0:v -map 0:a
                     "[onfail=ignore]archive-20121107.mkv|[f=mpegts]udp://10.0.1.255:1234/"

       o   Use ffmpeg to encode the input, and send the output to three
           different destinations. The "dump_extra" bitstream filter is used
           to add extradata information to all the output video keyframes
           packets, as requested by the MPEG-TS format. The select option is
           applied to out.aac in order to make it contain only audio packets.

                   ffmpeg -i ... -map 0 -flags +global_header -c:v libx264 -c:a aac
                          -f tee "[bsfs/v=dump_extra=freq=keyframe]out.ts|[movflags=+faststart]out.mp4|[select=a]out.aac"

       o   As above, but select only stream "a:1" for the audio output. Note
           that a second level escaping must be performed, as ":" is a special
           character used to separate options.

                   ffmpeg -i ... -map 0 -flags +global_header -c:v libx264 -c:a aac
                          -f tee "[bsfs/v=dump_extra=freq=keyframe]out.ts|[movflags=+faststart]out.mp4|[select=\'a:1\']out.aac"

   webm_dash_manifest
       WebM DASH Manifest muxer.

       This muxer implements the WebM DASH Manifest specification to generate
       the DASH manifest XML. It also supports manifest generation for DASH
       live streams.

       For more information see:

       o   WebM DASH Specification:
           <https://sites.google.com/a/webmproject.org/wiki/adaptive-streaming/webm-dash-specification>

       o   ISO DASH Specification:
           <http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/c065274_ISO_IEC_23009-1_2014.zip>

       Options

       This muxer supports the following options:

       adaptation_sets
           This option has the following syntax: "id=x,streams=a,b,c
           id=y,streams=d,e" where x and y are the unique identifiers of the
           adaptation sets and a,b,c,d and e are the indices of the
           corresponding audio and video streams. Any number of adaptation
           sets can be added using this option.

       live
           Set this to 1 to create a live stream DASH Manifest. Default: 0.

       chunk_start_index
           Start index of the first chunk. This will go in the startNumber
           attribute of the SegmentTemplate element in the manifest. Default:
           0.

       chunk_duration_ms
           Duration of each chunk in milliseconds. This will go in the
           duration attribute of the SegmentTemplate element in the manifest.
           Default: 1000.

       utc_timing_url
           URL of the page that will return the UTC timestamp in ISO format.
           This will go in the value attribute of the UTCTiming element in the
           manifest.  Default: None.

       time_shift_buffer_depth
           Smallest time (in seconds) shifting buffer for which any
           Representation is guaranteed to be available. This will go in the
           timeShiftBufferDepth attribute of the MPD element. Default: 60.

       minimum_update_period
           Minimum update period (in seconds) of the manifest. This will go in
           the minimumUpdatePeriod attribute of the MPD element. Default: 0.

       Example

               ffmpeg -f webm_dash_manifest -i video1.webm \
                      -f webm_dash_manifest -i video2.webm \
                      -f webm_dash_manifest -i audio1.webm \
                      -f webm_dash_manifest -i audio2.webm \
                      -map 0 -map 1 -map 2 -map 3 \
                      -c copy \
                      -f webm_dash_manifest \
                      -adaptation_sets "id=0,streams=0,1 id=1,streams=2,3" \
                      manifest.xml

   webm_chunk
       WebM Live Chunk Muxer.

       This muxer writes out WebM headers and chunks as separate files which
       can be consumed by clients that support WebM Live streams via DASH.

       Options

       This muxer supports the following options:

       chunk_start_index
           Index of the first chunk (defaults to 0).

       header
           Filename of the header where the initialization data will be
           written.

       audio_chunk_duration
           Duration of each audio chunk in milliseconds (defaults to 5000).

       Example

               ffmpeg -f v4l2 -i /dev/video0 \
                      -f alsa -i hw:0 \
                      -map 0:0 \
                      -c:v libvpx-vp9 \
                      -s 640x360 -keyint_min 30 -g 30 \
                      -f webm_chunk \
                      -header webm_live_video_360.hdr \
                      -chunk_start_index 1 \
                      webm_live_video_360_%d.chk \
                      -map 1:0 \
                      -c:a libvorbis \
                      -b:a 128k \
                      -f webm_chunk \
                      -header webm_live_audio_128.hdr \
                      -chunk_start_index 1 \
                      -audio_chunk_duration 1000 \
                      webm_live_audio_128_%d.chk


METADATA

       FFmpeg is able to dump metadata from media files into a simple
       UTF-8-encoded INI-like text file and then load it back using the
       metadata muxer/demuxer.

       The file format is as follows:

       1.  A file consists of a header and a number of metadata tags divided
           into sections, each on its own line.

       2.  The header is a ;FFMETADATA string, followed by a version number
           (now 1).

       3.  Metadata tags are of the form key=value

       4.  Immediately after header follows global metadata

       5.  After global metadata there may be sections with
           per-stream/per-chapter metadata.

       6.  A section starts with the section name in uppercase (i.e. STREAM or
           CHAPTER) in brackets ([, ]) and ends with next section or end of
           file.

       7.  At the beginning of a chapter section there may be an optional
           timebase to be used for start/end values. It must be in form
           TIMEBASE=num/den, where num and den are integers. If the timebase
           is missing then start/end times are assumed to be in nanoseconds.

           Next a chapter section must contain chapter start and end times in
           form START=num, END=num, where num is a positive integer.

       8.  Empty lines and lines starting with ; or # are ignored.

       9.  Metadata keys or values containing special characters (=, ;, #, \
           and a newline) must be escaped with a backslash \.

       10. Note that whitespace in metadata (e.g. foo = bar) is considered to
           be a part of the tag (in the example above key is foo , value is
            bar).

       A ffmetadata file might look like this:

               ;FFMETADATA1
               title=bike\\shed
               ;this is a comment
               artist=FFmpeg troll team

               [CHAPTER]
               TIMEBASE=1/1000
               START=0
               #chapter ends at 0:01:00
               END=60000
               title=chapter \#1
               [STREAM]
               title=multi\
               line

       By using the ffmetadata muxer and demuxer it is possible to extract
       metadata from an input file to an ffmetadata file, and then transcode
       the file into an output file with the edited ffmetadata file.

       Extracting an ffmetadata file with ffmpeg goes as follows:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -f ffmetadata FFMETADATAFILE

       Reinserting edited metadata information from the FFMETADATAFILE file
       can be done as:

               ffmpeg -i INPUT -i FFMETADATAFILE -map_metadata 1 -codec copy OUTPUT


SEE ALSO

       ffmpeg(1), ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), libavformat(3)


AUTHORS

       The FFmpeg developers.

       For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project
       (https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg), e.g. by typing the command git log in
       the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the online repository at
       <https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg>.

       Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file
       MAINTAINERS in the source code tree.

                                                             ffmpeg-formats(1)

ffmpeg 7.1 - Generated Sun Nov 24 16:02:08 CST 2024
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